Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology 2 Test 2 - Vocab > Chapter 30 > Flashcards

Chapter 30 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

A member of the fungal phylum Chytridiomycota, mostly aquatic fungi with flagellated zoospores that represent an early-diverging fungal lineage.

A

chytrid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

One of many connected filaments that collectively make up the mycelium of a fungus.

A

hypha

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

A member of one of three clades of early-diverging lineages of extant flowering plants. Examples are Amborella, water lilies, and star anise and its relatives.

A

basal angiosperms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Traditional classification for a fungus with no known sexual stage.

A

deuteromycete

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The female gametophyte of angiosperms, formed from the growth and division of the megaspore into a multicellular structure that typically has eight haploid nuclei.

A

embyro sac

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

A member of the fungal phylum Ascomycota, commonly called sac fungus. The name comes from the saclike structure in which the spores develop.

A

ascomycete

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

In seed plants, a structure consisting of the male gametophyte enclosed within a pollen wall.

A

pollen grain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Association of a fungus with a plant root system in which the fungus causes the invagination of the host (plant) cells’ plasma membranes.

A

arbuscular mycorrhiza

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Layer of sporophyte tissue that contributes to the structure of an ovule of a seed plant.

A

integument

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

In an angiosperm, the stalk portion of the stamen, the pollen-producing reproductive organ of a flower.

A

filament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The ovule-producing reproductive organ of a flower, consisting of the stigma, style, and ovary.

A

carpel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

A modified leaf in angiosperms that helps enclose and protect a flower bud before it opens.

A

sepal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

A flower in which one or more of the four basic floral organs (sepals, petals, stamens, or carpels) are either absent or nonfunctional.

A

incomplete flower

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

A member of a clade consisting of flowering plants that have one embryonic seed leaf, or cotyledon.

A

monocot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

A member of the largest gymnosperm phylum. Most conifers are cone-bearing trees, such as pines and firs.

A

conifer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

In fungi, the fusion of haploid nuclei contributed by the two parents; occurs as one stage of sexual reproduction, preceded by plasmogamy.

A

karyogamy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

A structure that develops within the ovary of a seed plant and contains the female gametophyte.

A

ovule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

A pore in the integuments of an ovule.

A

micropyle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

In angiosperms, a nutrient-rich tissue formed by the union of a sperm with two polar nuclei during double fertilization. The endosperm provides nourishment to the developing embryo in angiosperm seeds.

A

endosperm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

In zygomycete fungi, a sturdy multinucleate structure in which karyogamy and meiosis occur.

A

zygosporangium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The stalk of a flower’s carpel, with the ovary at the base and the stigma at the top.

A

style

22
Q

A member of an extremely diverse clade of eukaryotes that includes fungi, animals, and several closely related groups of protists.

A

opisthokont

23
Q

Single-celled fungus. Yeasts reproduce asexually by binary fission or by the pinching of small buds off a parent cell. Many fungal species can grow both as yeasts and as a network of filaments; relatively few species grow only as yeasts.

A

yeast

24
Q

A member of a clade that contains the vast majority of flowering plants that have two embryonic seed leaves, or cotyledons.

A

eudicot

25
Q

In angiosperms, the transfer of pollen from an anther of a flower on one plant to the stigma of a flower on another plant of the same species.

A

cross-pollination

26
Q

In fungi, the fusion of the cytoplasm of cells from two individuals; occurs as one stage of sexual reproduction, followed later by karyogamy.

A

plasmogamy

27
Q

A flower that has all four basic floral organs: sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels.

A

complete flower

28
Q

A structural polysaccharide, consisting of amino sugar monomers, found in many fungal cell walls and in the exoskeletons of all arthropods.

A

chitin

29
Q

(1) In flowers, the portion of a carpel in which the egg-containing ovules develop. (2) In animals, the structure that produces female gametes and reproductive hormones.

A

ovary

30
Q

A mechanism of fertilization in angiosperms in which two sperm cells unite with two cells in the female gametophyte (embryo sac) to form the zygote and endosperm.

A

double fertilization

31
Q

A member of the angiosperm clade that is most closely related to the combined eudicot and monocot clades. Extant examples are magnolias, laurels, and black pepper plants.

A

magnoliid

32
Q

In an angiosperm, a specialized shoot with up to four sets of modified leaves, bearing structures that function in sexual reproduction.

A

flower

33
Q

A multicellular organ in fungi and plants in which meiosis occurs and haploid cells develop.

A

sporangium

34
Q

In certain symbiotic fungi, a specialized hypha that can penetrate the tissues of host organisms.

A

haustorium

35
Q

The transfer of pollen to the part of a seed plant containing the ovules, a process required for fertilization.

A

pollination

36
Q

A fungal mycelium that contains two or more haploid nuclei per cell.

A

heterokaryon

37
Q

(1) In the life cycle of a plant or alga undergoing alternation of generations, a haploid cell produced in the sporophyte by meiosis. A spore can divide by mitosis to develop into a multicellular haploid individual, the gametophyte, without fusing with another cell. (2) In fungi, a haploid cell, produced either sexually or asexually, that produces a mycelium after germination.

A

spore

38
Q

A modified leaf of a flowering plant. Petals are the often colorful parts of a flower that advertise it to insects and other pollinators.

A

petal

39
Q

A seed leaf of an angiosperm embryo. Some species have one cotyledon, others two.

A

cotyledon

40
Q

Informal term for a fungus that grows as a filamentous fungus, producing haploid spores by mitosis and forming a visible mycelium.

A

mold

41
Q

The pollen-producing reproductive organ of a flower, consisting of an anther and a filament.

A

stamen

42
Q

The sticky part of a flower’s carpel, which receives pollen grains.

A

stigma

43
Q

An adaptation of some terrestrial plants consisting of an embryo packaged along with a store of food within a protective coat.

A

seed

44
Q

In animals and fungi, a small molecule released into the environment that functions in communication between members of the same species. In animals, it acts much like a hormone in influencing physiology and behavior.

A

pheromone

45
Q

A mutualistic association of plant roots and fungus.

A

mycorrhiza

46
Q

A member of a group of unicellular, amoeboid protists that are more closely related to fungi than they are to other protists.

A

nucleariid

47
Q

Flagellated spore found in chytrid fungi and some protists.

A

zoospore

48
Q

A member of the fungal phylum Zygomycota, characterized by the formation of a sturdy structure called a zygosporangium during sexual reproduction.

A

zygomycete

49
Q

A mature ovary of a flower. The fruit protects dormant seeds and often functions in their dispersal.

A

fruit

50
Q

A term traditionally used to refer to flowering plants that have two embryonic seed leaves, or cotyledons. Recent molecular evidence indicates that dicots do not form a clade; species once classified as dicots are now grouped into eudicots, magnoliids, and several lineages of basal angiosperms.

A

dicot

51
Q

The fruiting body of a sac fungus (ascomycete).

A

ascocarp

52
Q

A condition typified by extremely low metabolic rate and a suspension of growth and development.

A

dormancy

Biology 2 Test 2 - Vocab (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions