Chapter 30 Flashcards
Lap belts that are worn alone and too high by a pregnant woman:
- allow enough forward flexion and subsequent compression to rupture the uterus.
- will provide adequate protection for the uterus if the air bag properly deploys.
- will provide equal distribution of forces and prevent forward flexion of the mother.
- usually do not injure the fetus because the uterus is a highly muscular organ.
allow enough forward flexion and subsequent compression to rupture the uterus.
Which of the following is the initial point of bodily impact when an unrestrained passenger takes the “down-and-under” pathway during a frontal collision?
- Knees
- Pelvis
- Femurs
- Abdomen
Knees
A properly worn motorcycle helmet will:
- eliminate the risk of head trauma.
- not protect the cervical spine.
- decrease the risk of a spinal injury.
- minimize the trauma caused by secondary impacts.
not protect the cervical spine.
Which of the following statements regarding front airbags is correct?
- Small children riding in the front seat are protected when the airbag deploys.
- Front airbags will activate in side impacts or impacts to the front quarter panel.
- Airbags will provide protection from both initial and secondary impacts.
- Without the use of a seat belt, front airbags are insufficient in preventing ejection.
Without the use of a seat belt, front airbags are insufficient in preventing ejection
Following a head-on collision of a motorcycle and a truck, the motorcyclist would most likely experience initial injury to the:
- femurs and tibias.
- cervical spine.
- chest and abdomen.
- wrists and forearms.
femurs and tibias.
Which of the following is a benefit of a properly worn seat belt?
- Minimal risk of whiplash injuries after a rear-end collision
- Prevention of secondary collision with objects inside the vehicle
- Distribution of deceleration energy over a smaller surface area
- Prevention of partial or complete ejection from the vehicle
Prevention of partial or complete ejection from the vehicle
A specific attribute of a Level I trauma center is that it:
- can initiate definitive care for all injured patients.
- has 24-hour in-house coverage by general surgeons.
- has rapid access to an off-site anesthesiologist.
- is involved in an injury prevention program.
has 24-hour in-house coverage by general surgeons.
Which of the following is generally affected by pressure changes caused by an explosion?
- Spleen
- Kidneys
- Tympanic membrane
- Liver
Tympanic membrane
Rapid deceleration of a motor vehicle that is traveling at 60 mph:
- typically generates g forces of up to 10 to 20 g.
- initially causes whiplash injuries to the patient’s neck.
- causes the driver’s body to stop moving at the same time.
- dissipates tremendous forces and can cause major injuries.
dissipates tremendous forces and can cause major injuries.
The most significant fall occurs from a height greater than:
- 1.5 times the patient’s height.
- 2 times the patient’s height.
- 5 feet.
- 15 feet.
15 feet
The third phase of a motor vehicle accident involves:
- deceleration of internal organs.
- crush injuries to the body.
- impact by another vehicle.
- injuries caused by flying debris.
Deceleration of internal organs
The peak magnitude of the pressure wave experienced by a person:
- causes more severe trauma if the person is in an open area during the explosion.
- lessens as the person is farther away from the center of the explosion.
- causes secondary and tertiary injuries as a result of the explosion.
- will cause less severe trauma if the person is standing beside a solid object.
lessens as the person is farther away from the center of the explosion.
During a frontal collision, most pneumothoraces occur when:
- the patient is ejected through the windshield, and their chest collides with a secondary object outside the vehicle.
- the chest strikes the steering wheel, which fractures one or more ribs and causes a perforation injury to one of the lungs.
- the patient takes a deep breath just before impact and the lungs rapidly decompress at the time of impact.
- the diaphragm rapidly ascends into the chest cavity during impact, causing an increase in intrathoracic pressure.
the patient takes a deep breath just before impact and the lungs rapidly decompress at the time of impact.
When a person falls from a significant height and lands on their feet, axial loading results in:
- disc injuries to the lower cervical and upper thoracic spine.
- compression or burst fractures to the lumbar spine.
- shearing injuries to the liver, spleen, and aorta.
- crushing injuries to the heels and hip dislocations.
Compression or burst fractures to the lumbar spine
During abrupt deceleration:
- shearing or rupturing of internal organs can occur.
- the neck commonly sustains hyperextension injuries.
- the skull provides excellent protection for the brain.
- supporting structures of the aorta keep it attached.
Shearing or rupturing of internal organs can occur
Which of the following is a factor when considering transport of a trauma patient via helicopter?
- The need for definitive airway management
- Distance from the scene to the landing zone
- The patient’s medical facility preference
- The patient’s preference to be transported using ground transport
Distance from the scene to the landing zone
Which of the following statements regarding exit wounds is correct?
- Despite fragmentation of the projectile, there is usually only one exit wound for each round that is fired.
- With low-velocity gunshot wounds, the exit wound is always a mirror image of the entrance wound.
- Compared to entrance wounds, exit wounds are generally much smaller and typically have regular edges.
- Exit wounds occur when the projectile’s energy is not entirely dissipated along its trajectory through the body.
Exit wounds occur when the projectile’s energy is not entirely dissipated along its trajectory through the body.
The greatest amount of kinetic energy would be created if a 140-pound driver struck a tree while traveling at what speed?
- 40 mph
- 50 mph
- 30 mph
- 30 mph
50 mph
When summoning an air transport service to transport a critically injured patient, it is most important to:
- activate the service as soon as possible.
- determine the flight crew’s credentials.
- predetermine the destination facility.
- ensure that the fire department is present.
Activate the service as soon as possible
The forces applied to the driver during a frontal vehicle collision will differ based on:
- the patient’s physical size.
- objects inside the vehicle.
- the patient’s age.
- the motor vehicle’s safety features.
The motor’s vehicle’s safety features.
Which of the following characteristics of an entry wound indicates that the weapon was fired at close range?
- Indentation of cutaneous tissues
- Tattoo marks from powder burns
- Abrasions around the wound
- Severe bleeding from the wound
Tattoo marks from powder burns
Unlike blunt trauma, penetrating trauma:
- involves a disruption of the skin and underlying tissues in a small, focused area.
- is more likely to be fatal because of the severe external bleeding that accompanies it.
- often causes damage to a large body surface area, even from a single projectile.
- is especially common during the primary blast injury following an explosion.
Involves a disruption of the skin and underlying tissues in a small, focused area
The energy stored in an object, such as a bridge pillar, is which type of energy?
- Kinetic
- Potential
- Barometric
- Chemical
Potential
Compared to a handgun, a rifle:
- fires at a higher velocity.
- has less powerful ammunition.
- is less accurate.
- fires a single projectile.
Fires at a higher velocity
