Chapter 3: Vocabulary

Question 1

ionic bonds, covalent bonds, metallic bonds

Answer 1

Primary Bonds

Question 2

hydrogen bonds, Van der Vaals bonds

Answer 2

Secondary Bonds

Question 3

hard and likely to break or crack

Answer 3

Brittleness

Question 4

the measure of the weight of a material compared with its volume

Answer 4

Density

Question 5

the resistance of a solid to penetration

Answer 5

Hardness

Question 6

the maximum amount of stress a material can withstand without breaking

Answer 6

Ultimate Strength

Question 7

the ability of a material to recovers its shape completely after deformation from an applied force

Answer 7

Elasticity

Question 8

a material’s resistance to deformation

Answer 8

Stiffness

Question 9

the greatest stress a structure can withstand without permanent deformation

Answer 9

Proportional Limit

Question 10

the resistance of a material to permanent deformation

Answer 10

Resilience

Question 11

the ability of a material to resist fracture

Answer 11

Toughness

Question 12

the ability of an object to be pulled or stretched under tension without rupture

Answer 12

Ductility

Question 13

the ability to be compressed and formed into a thin sheet without rupture

Answer 13

Malleability

Question 14

the strength of a material at fine margins

Answer 14

Edge Strength

Question 15

the ability of a liquid material to flow

Answer 15

Viscosity

Question 16

property of a liquid to flow more readily under mechanical force

Answer 16

Thixotropic

Question 17

restorations placed directly into a cavity preparation

Answer 17

Direct Restorative Material

Question 18

materials used to fabricate restorations outside the mouth that are subsequently placed into the mouth

Answer 18

Indirect Restorative Material

Question 19

the amount of time allotted to bring the components of a material together into a homogenous mix

Answer 19

Mixing Time

Question 20

the time permitted to manipulate the material in the mouth

Answer 20

Working Time

Question 21

the time at which the material can no longer be manipulated in the mouth

Answer 21

Initial Set Time

Question 22

the time at which the material has reached its ultimate state

Answer 22

Final Set Time

Question 23

materials that set through a timed chemical reaction with the combination of a catalyst and base

Answer 23

Chemical Set Materials

Question 24

materials that require a blue light source to initiate a reaction

Answer 24

Light-Activated Materials

Question 25

materials that polymerize by a chemical reaction when the material is mixed with a catalyst or initiated by exposure to a blue light, or by a combination of chemical or light reaction

Answer 25

Dual Set Materials

Question 26

the useful life of a material before it deteriorates or changes in quality

Answer 26

Shelf Life