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A.P.E.S. > Chapter 3 Vocab > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Vocab Flashcards

0
Q

Species

A

The entirety of a population that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring.

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1
Q

Ecology

A

The Study of all processes influencing the distribution and abundance of organisms and the interactions between living things and their environment.

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2
Q

Population

A

A certain number of individuals that make up interbreeding, reproducing, group.

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3
Q

Biotic Community

A

The grouping or assemblage of plants, animals, and microbes.

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4
Q

Abiotic

A

The nonliving, chemical, and physical factors, water, moisture, and climate.

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5
Q

Ecosystems

A

A grouping of plants, animals, and microbes occupying an explicit unit of space and interacting with their environment.

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6
Q

Ecotone

A

A transitional area between two adjacent ecosystems that has characteristics of both.

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7
Q

Landscapes

A

A group of interacting ecosystems.

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8
Q

Biomes

A

Similar or related to ecosystems or landscapes that are often grouped together.(Only Terrestrial not Aquatic)

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9
Q

Biosphere

A

All species and physical factors of earth functioning as one unified ecosystem.

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10
Q

Conditions

A

Abiotic factors that vary in space and time but are not used up or made unavailable to other species.(Temperature, Wind, and Fire)

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11
Q

Resources

A

Any factors(biotic or abiotic) that are consumed by organisms.(Water, Nutrients, Oxygen)

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12
Q

Law of Limiting Factors

A

Every organism has an optimal range, zones of stress, and limits of tolerance.

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13
Q

Optimum

A

A certain level at which organisms do best

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14
Q

Range of Tolerance

A

The entire span that allows any growth at all

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15
Q

Limits of Tolerance

A

Point at the high and low ends of the range of tolerance.

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16
Q

Zones of Stree

A

Region between optimal range and high or low limits of tolerance

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17
Q

Limiting Factor

A

A factor that limits growth

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18
Q

Synergistic Effects(Synergism)

A

Two or more factors interacting in a way that causes an effect much greater than one would anticipate from effects of each of the two acting seperately.

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19
Q

Habitat

A

Refers to the kind of place where a species is biologily adapted to live.

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20
Q

Ecological Niche

A

What an animal feeds on, where it feeds, where it lives, where it nests, and how it responds to abiotic factors.

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21
Q

Matter

A

Anything that has mass and occupies space

22
Q

Atoms

A

The basic building blocks of matter

23
Q

The Law of Conservation of Matter

A

Atoms are neither created nor destroyed in any chemical reaction.

24
Q

Molecule

A

Two or more atoms bonded together

25
Q

Compound

A

Two or more different atoms bonded together

26
Q

Atmosphere

A

The thin layers of gases separating the earth from outer space.

27
Q

Hydrosphere

A

Water(Oceans, rivers, etc.)

28
Q

Lithosphere

A

Earths Crust(Rocks, Soil, Minerals)

29
Q

Mineral

A

Any hard, crystalline, inorganic material of a given chemical composition.

30
Q

CHNOPS

A

Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus, and Sulfur

31
Q

Organic

A

The Chemical compounds making up tissues of living organisms

32
Q

Naturally Organic Compunds

A

Those that make up living organisms(Carbs, proteins, Fats, and Nucleic Acids)

33
Q

Synthetic Organic Compounds

A

Human made compounds(Plastics)

34
Q

Inorganic

A

All other molecules or Compounds with no carbon-carbon or carbon-hydrogen bonds.

35
Q

Energy

A

Has the ability to move matter, has no mass, and occupies no space.

36
Q

Calorie

A

The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1gram og water 1 degree celcius.

37
Q

Kinetic Energy

A

Energy in action or motion(Light, heat, electrical current)

38
Q

Potential Energy

A

Energy in storage(A Battery)

39
Q

Chemical Energy

A

The potential energy contained in the chemicals and fuels

40
Q

Temperature

A

Measures the molecular motion in a substance caused by the KE present

41
Q

Law of Thermodynamics(Law Conservation of Energy)

A

Energy is neither created nor destroyed but may be transformed

42
Q

2nd Law of Thermodynamics

A

In any energy conversion, some energy will be lost as heat

43
Q

Entropy

A

A measure of the degree of disorder in a system

44
Q

Heat Energy

A

The Lowest, most disordered, form of energy

45
Q

Photo Synthesis Equation

A

6CO(2) + 6H(2)O —-> C(6)H(12)O(6) + 6O(2)

46
Q

Oxidation

A

Breakdown of molecules

47
Q

Cellulose

A

Material of plant cell walls

48
Q

Fermentation

A

Anaerobic process(Oxygen Free) use of glucose

49
Q

Biogeochemical Cycles

A

Circular pathways of elements involving biological, geological, and chemical processes

50
Q

Eutrophication

A

A water pollution problem when there is to much phosphorus or nitrogen in a body of water

51
Q

Nitrogen Fixation

A

The conversion of atmospheric nitrogen N(2) in a reactive form N(r)

52
Q

Dentrification

A

A microbial process that transforms reactive nitrogen back into atmospheric nitrogen

A.P.E.S. (15 decks)

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