Chapter 3: Understanding Residents Flashcards
Physiological Needs
- Food and Water
- Protection and Shelter
- Activity
- Sleep and Rest
- Comfort, especially freedom from pain
Psychosocial Needs
- Love and Affection
- Acceptance by Others
- Safety and Security
- Self-reliance and independence in daily living
- Contact with Others
- Success and Self-esteem
Maslow’s Heirarchy of Needs
A model developed by Abraham Maslow to show physiological and psychosocial needs arranged in order of importance
Masturbation
To touch or rub sexual organs in order to give oneself or another person sexual pleasure
Holistic Care
Caring for the whole person–the mind as well as the body and is a component of person-centered care
Person-Centered Care
Care that revolves around the resident and promotes their individual preferences, choices, dignity, and interests
Explain why independence and self-care is important for residents
Residents face many stresses when moving into a long-term care facility or hospital, and must make many adjustments. Encouraging residents to do as much as they can without the NA’s help (even if the NA could do it easier or faster) from ADL’s to making decisions will promote better outcomes for residents in the long term.
Cultural Diversity
Refers to the variety of people with different backgrounds and experiences living together in the world
Bias
aka prejudice
Race
Refers to the physical characteristics shared by people with common ancestry
Ethnicity
May involve a combination of race, culture, nationality, language and other factors
Culturally Sensitive Care
Care that takes into account the patient’s background, choices, beliefs, and behaviors.
It is important for NAs to ask questions to find out what is appropriate and to always respect residents.
Explain the Need for Activity
- Inactivity and immobility can result in physical and mental conditions that impact health outcomes for residents
- Meaningful activities promote independence, memory, self-esteem, and quality of life
Explain the Family Role and Significance in Health Care
Families help residents, communicate with the care team, support the resident, connect them to the outside world, and carry on traditions. NAs should respect the residents right to have family visit and observe changes in the resident that occur after family has left.
Infancy - Birth to 12 Months
- Grasping, Lifting Hands, Crawling
- Touch is important
- Development happens from the head down
Toddler - Ages 1 through 3
- Speech, limb coordination
- Adventurous
- Develop bladder and bowel control
Preschool - Ages 3 through 5
- Become independent
- Learn new words and language skills
- Form social relationships
School Aged - Ages 5 through 10
- Development is centered on Cognition (thinking and learning)
- Further Social Development
- Conscience makes itself known
Preadolescence - Ages 10 through 12
- Sense of Self
- Reason and Analysis
- Childhood fears give way to real-world fears
- Puberty usually begins in this stage
Adolescence - Ages 12 through 18
- Reach sexual maturity (secondary sex characteristics)
- Mood swings
- Concerned with acceptance of others
Young Adulthood - Ages 18 through 40
- Career and Education paths are chosen in this period
- Life partner is chosen
- Children are raised
Middle Adulthood - Ages 40 through 65
- More comfortable and stable than previous years (despite this career change can happen)
- Physical changes as metabolism slows
- Mid-life Crises occur in this age group
Late Adulthood - 65 and Older
- Retirement
- Health complications and reduced mobility
- Staying connected is vital for longevity in this stage
Ageism
Prejudice toward, stereotyping of, and/or discrimination against older persons or the elderly
