Chapter 3 The Role of Psychology

Question 1

Extrinsic motivation

Answer 1

When someone participates in an activity or behavior for some type of reward or recognition from others.

Question 2

Intrinsic motivation

Answer 2

When people engage in an activity or behavior because they feel a sense of satisfaction.

Question 3

Outcome goals

Answer 3

Goals focused on the end result.

Question 4

Process goals

Answer 4

Refers to the process of goal pursuit.

Question 5

Ambivalence

Answer 5

Describes a person’s state of mixed feelings about a situation.

Question 6

Emotional support

Answer 6

The encouragement and positive reinforcement that is provided from an individual to another, which includes being caring, empathetic, and showing concern.

Question 7

Instrumental support

Answer 7

The actions that directly facilitate a behavior to happen. In the context of exercise, instrumental support can include driving a person to a health club or paying for the gym membership.

Question 8

Sleep apnea

Answer 8

A sleep disorder in which a person’s breathing repeatedly stops and starts, which disrupts the body’s natural sleep cycle.