Chapter 3: The Colonies Come Of Age Flashcards
Parliament
S P E
Definition: Legislative body of England
Significance: Parliament were the people who approved and put the Navigation Acts into action
Mercantilism
S E
Definition: Mercantile practices or spirit; commercialism. Little supply and a great rush to get the most of it first
Significance: This inspires the British to maintain their colonies because if they own the cash crop then they get the cash
Navigation Acts
S P E
Definition:A series of laws enacted by parliament, beginning in 1615 to tighten England’s control of trade in its American Colonies
Significance: The colonists are restricted from trading with non-English countries and the colonists saw this as a restriction, thus stirring a subtle rebellion
Dominion of New England
S P R E
Definition: Administrative union of English colonies in New England
Significance: England wanted to group colonies to stop the self government, but later ended in rebellion
Sir Edmund Andros
S P
Definition: English administrator who attempted to publicize colonial independence
Significance: He angered Puritians, unfairly raised taxes, and restricted local assemblies
Glorious Revolution
S P R E
Definition: The transfer of the British monarchy from James II to William and Mary in 1688-1689
Significance: The British did this to appease the Catholics, but in the meantime Massachusetts colonists staged a bloodless rebellion
Salutary Neglect
S P E
Definition: English policy of relaxing their enforcement on their colonies in return for the financial support they gave
Significance: The colonies develop self rule and begin to disregard the English, demeaning their rule over them
Cash Crop
S E
Definition: A crop grown by a farmer for sale, rather than for a personal use
Significance: The cash crops imported heaps of income, making the economy skyrocket
Slaves
S P E
Definition: People who were considered the property of others
Significance: The concept of slavery became the spark of the Civil War later in history
Triangular Trade
S E
Definition: The transatlantic system of trade in which goods and people were traded between Africa, England, Europe, and North America
Significance: This route brought great financial wealth to the receiving end of the trade
Middle Passage
S E
Definition: The voyage that brought enslaved Africans to North America
Significance: The slaves were treated harshly, which opened a ethical topic of debate
Stono Rebellion
S P
Definition: A 1739 uprising of slaves in South Carolina, leading to the tightening of already strict slave laws
Significance: The ethical questions were raised with the continued harsh treatment of the slaves
Enlightenment
S P I T E
Definition: 18th century intellectual movement that emphasized the use of reason and scientific method as means of obtaining knowledge
Significance: With a new way of thinking, new inventions were being created and improving society
Benjamin Franklin
I
Definition: Man who discovered electricty
Significance: Brings electricity to homes during this time
Jonathan Edwards
S P R I
Definition: Man who wanted to go back to the purity of the original Puritan beliefs
Significance: He led the Puritans to voice their opinion, eventually moving to create their own state
The Great Awaking
S R
Definition: Revival of religious feeling in the American colonies during the 1730s and the 1750s
Significance: This spurs religious emotion and ethics that later play a key part in the formation and rebellion
New France
S P E
Definition: French colony in the Americas
Significance: Lays a starting line for conflict between the English and the French
George Washington
S P
Definition: First president of the United States, British army man who led a rebellion and was denied from joining the British army
Significance: His standings with Britain resinated with the denial of acceptance into the British army, later fueling a full-scale rebellion
French Indian War
S P
Definition: Conflict in 1754-1763 between Britain and France that spread worldwide
Significance: Builds tension and ‘bad blood’ between Britain and France
William Pitt
S P I
Definition: British leader that proceeded in many winning battles against France
Significance: This gave Britain the upper hand against France
Pontiac
S P
Definition: Indian man who he and his tribe sided with France during the French Indian war
Significance: This gave France a ally in the war against Britain
Proclamation of 1763 (Treaty of Paris)
S P
Definition: Order from Britain stating that prohibited American colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains
Significance: This angered the colonists,giving them another reason to rebel
George Grenville
S P
Definition: Britain who pushed the sugar act, angering American merchants
Significance: Another reason for America to rebel
Sugar Act
S P E
Definition: Trade law enacted by Parliament in 1764 in an attempt to reduce smuggling in the British colonies
Significance: The act angered the colonists even more, directing their hate toward Britain
