Chapter 3 -'Structures And Function Of Brain Areas' Flashcards
Briefly locate the following related three areas of the brain:
'Corpus callosum' 'Cerebellum' 'Thalamus' 'Cerebrum' 'Reticular formation' 'Pons' 'Hypothalamus' 'Medulla'
Fore brain Hind brain Fore brain Fore brain Mid brain Hind brain Fore brain Hind brain
What does the cerebellum do?
Also involved with..?
When is it ‘particularly active’?
Where is it located?
Coordinates fine muscle movement.
Regulates posture and balance.
Also involved in learning, memory and other cognitive processes.
When learning new movements.
Hind brain
The medulla is essentially an extension of what?
What are its main functions?
Parts of the medulla are also involved with what?
Where is it located?
The spinal cord.
Vital bodily functions, e.g swallowing, breathing, heart rate, blood pressure, vomiting, salivating, coughing and sneezing, all of which occur AUTOMATICALLY.
Sensations such as touch, pressure and vibration.
Hind brain
What is the pons mainly involved with?
Also involved with?
Where is it located?
Sleep, daydreaming and waking.
Breathing and coordination of some muscle movements.
Hind brain
What is the main function of reticular formation? And why?
What does it also do?
What is the other part stemming from the reticular formation?
To help screen incoming information so as not to overload the brain, also alerts the brain to important information.
Helps maintain consciousness and regulates arousal and muscle tone.
(RAS) Reticular Activating System)
What does the (RAS) Reticular Activating System) do?
(4 things)
When is it most active?
Regulates arousal in response to feedback from upper and lower areas of the brain.
It influences wether we are awake, drowsy or asleep.
Highlights information of potential importance.
Influences the degree of muscle movement. (Does not initiate movement, only modifies movement.)
When it is less active we are asleep, vice versa.
What is the vital function of the hypothalamus?
It is part of what system?
Damage to the hypothalamus can result in?
Maintains the body’s internal environment, regulates the release of hormones from various glands in the body and influences behaviours associated with basic biological needs e.g hunger, thirst.
The limbic system, so it is also involved with emotions such as anger and fear.
Problems with sleep and waking cycle, overwhelming urge to eat, uncontrollable anger.
What is the main role of the thalamus?
What else?
The thalamus filters information from almost all sense receptor sites, then passes it to relevant areas of the brain.
Arousal
What are the three main areas of the brain?
Fore brain
Mid brain
Hind brain
Where is the cerebrum?
Responsible for?
Fore brain
Nearly everything we consciously do
