chapter 3 - rome and middle ages Flashcards
1
Q
how and why did philosophy change after the romans invaded greece?
A
- idealistic and progressive ideas, discoveries will make life better, the search for knowledge is virtue
- skepticism: all beliefs can be proved false
- cynicism: the best life is one lived close to nature, away from society regulation (similar to hippes)
- dogmatism: rigidly holding onto a belief or way of thinking
- neo-platonism: the soul is perfect and does not die, the body is imperfect and dies :(
2
Q
how did neo-platonism provide a philosophical basis for early christianity?
A
- soul-focused
- helped make greek philosophy available to christian thinkers
- glorified spirit, condemned flesh
3
Q
what are some of the ways that christianity influence the philosophy that psychology evolves from?
A
- the church had absolute power, any disagreement led to punishment
- the pursuit of human reality; psychology deals with concepts of mind-brain relationship, mind/body distinctions, subject/object
- still dealing with flesh and desire being bad and needing control, reasons why we do things
4
Q
what are the dark ages? how did christianity at this time limit the search for truth?
A
- a time of controlling knowledge, silencing voices that are inconsistent with beliefs,
- a decline in culture and science, little written documentation from this time
5
Q
how did the crusades help to end the dark ages?
A
- back-and-forth fighting over who has power of the middle east (christians or islam)
- brought europeans out by exposing them to advancements from other civiliations
- more trade routes
6
Q
what is scholasticism and how did it both protect/not christians from new ideas?
A
- the synthesis of aristotle’s ideas with chrisitian thinking
- rational thinking
- god gave us abilities we should use
- the more we study, the more we find god, science should prove religion
- using reason is good, thinking should lead to god
- bring reason to support faith
