Chapter 3 Rocks

Question 1

This is true about rocks. Most rocks are a _____.

Answer 1

mixture of minerals

Question 2

The three types of rocks are _______.

Answer 2

igneous, metamorphic, sedimentary

Question 3

Metamorphic rock forms as a result of

Answer 3

heat and pressure

Question 4

All of the energy that drives Earth’s rock cycle comes from

Answer 4

Earth’s interior and the sun.

Question 5

The _________ includes magma or lava cooling; extreme heat and pressure form metamorphic rocks; and rocks at Earth’s surface are broken down into smaller pieces.

Answer 5

rock cycle

Question 6

A rock that forms when magma hardens beneath Earth’s surface is called an

Answer 6

intrusive igneous rock

Question 7

Rhyolite is an example of an

Answer 7

extrusive igneous rock

Question 8

Lava that cools so quickly that ions do not have time to arrange themselves into crystals will form igneous rocks with a

Answer 8

glassy texture

Question 9

A certain igneous rock contains about 25 percent dark silicate minerals. The remainder of the rock is mostly plagioclase feldspar. What type of composition does this igneous rock have?

Answer 9

andesitic

Question 10

A conglomerate is a rock that forms as a result of

Answer 10

rapid cooling

Question 11

The correct order of the processes responsible for the formation of sedimentary rocks.

Answer 11

weathering, erosion, deposition, compaction, cementation

Question 12

A clastic sedimentary rock with angular particles

Answer 12

breccia

Question 13

Limestone is an example of

Answer 13

a biochemical sedimentary rock

Question 14

Fossils are found only in

Answer 14

sedimentary rocks

Question 15

Sedimentary rocks with ripple marks suggest that the rocks formed

Answer 15

along a beach or stream bed

Question 16

Most metamorphic processes take place

Answer 16

a few kilometers below Earth’s surface

Question 17

What rock-forming process occurs when hot magma forces its way into rock?

Answer 17

contact metamorphism

Question 18

Which agent of metamorphism can cause the overall composition of the rock to change?

Answer 18

hydrothermal solutions

Question 19

A _______ forms when crystals combine and form visible bands.

Answer 19

foliated metamorphic rock

Question 20

A metamorphic rock can be classified according to its

Answer 20

texture and composition

Question 21

A _____ is a solid mass of mineral or mineral-like matter that occurs naturally.

Answer 21

rock

Question 22

Rocks are generally classified as igneous, _______, or metamorphic.

Answer 22

sedimentary

Question 23

Because of the processes that take place within the _______, rocks can change from one type to another.

Answer 23

rock cycle

Question 24

__________ rocks form when magma or lava hardens and cools.

Answer 24

igneous

Question 25

The rock cycle is driven internally by _______ from Earth’s interior and externally by energy from the sun.

Answer 25

heat

Question 26

Intrusive igneous rocks form when _______ hardens and cools.

Answer 26

magma

Question 27

Extrusive igneous rocks form when _______ hardens and cools.

Answer 27

lava

Question 28

Slow cooling produces igneous rocks with large crystals and a _________ texture.

Answer 28

course-grained

Question 29

An igneous rock that contains mostly pyroxene and olivine has an ________ composition.

Answer 29

ultramafic

Question 30

Granite is an example of an _______ igneous rock that forms deep beneath Earth’s surface.

Answer 30

intrusive

Question 31

Igneous rocks such as obsidian have a _______ texture and are formed when lava cools so rapidly that ions are randomly distributed.

Answer 31

glassy

Question 32

_______ composition refers to rocks with many dark silicate minerals and plagioclase feldspar.

Answer 32

Basaltic

Question 33

During the erosion and deposition processes, sediments that are _______ in size will be carried and deposited the greatest distances.

Answer 33

smallest

Question 34

Because of the way they form, limestone and chert are classified as _______ sedimentary rocks.

Answer 34

chemical

Question 35

Large-scale folding of rock during the process of mountain building is a characteristic of a _______ metamorphism setting.

Answer 35

regional