Chapter 3, Race and Ethnic Inequality Flashcards
Ethnic group
Distinguished by others or themselves on the basis of cultural or nationality characteristics, ex. language, country of origin, adherence to culture
Race
Social construct, classification based on social and political values, rather than as a biological given
Racialized group
Group who has been highlighted by others/themselves as inferior or superior on the basis of subjectively selected physical characteristics, ex. skin colour, eye shape
Discrimination
Harmful actions/practises of a dominant group on a subordinate group
Roots of Race
- classification schemes; somewhat arbitrary, skin colour (why not eye colour?),
- political: racial purity is a myth, therefore the roots of race are highly politicized, human beings perceive others to be different and we use those perceptions justify differential treatment, SI
Majority group
Aka dominant group, advantaged, better access to resources with which to enhance your rights in society, determined by ethnicity, gender, socioeconomic status, disability
Minority groups,aka subordinate groups
Disadvantaged, subject to discrimination, regards itself as an object of discriminations, ex. people of colour, disabled, LGBT
White privilege
Privilege given to people with white skin
Internalized dominance
The ways white people learn they are normal, feel included, don’t think of themselves as other/different
Racism
Attitudes, beliefs, practices that we use to justify the superior treatment of one racialized group and the inferior treatment of one racialized group
Ethnocentrism
The assumption that one’s own group/way of life is superior to another’s, positive and negative ways we understand our ways ad better
Prejudice
Negative attitudes about people based on different characteristics, ex. racialization, gender, age, religion, sexual orientation
Stereotypes
Over generalizing, based on issues of appearance, behaviour and other characteristics of all members of a group
Generalizations
Ideas we have about a people, more open to revision and more easily rejected
Individual discrimination
Ine-on-one acts from the dominant group that harm members of a subordinate group, their property
Institutionalized discrimination
Day to day actions of organizations that has a harmful impact on members of subordinate groups
Anti-Semitism
Discrimination and prejudice against Jews
Interpersonal racism
More polite but implicit form of racism
Institutional racism
More explicit/intentions
Systemic racism
Unintentional racism, embedded in the organization, “the way the system works”, ex. police force/firefighter, weight and height restrictions
Societal racism
General and unconscious patterns that perpetuate the racialized order, ex. skin colour
Everyday racism
General and seemingly benign ideas about superiority/inferiority of a certain group inside society, ex. things we give witness/allowance to, are we embracing the other?, sometimes no intent to offend
Active racism
Acts that intend to exclude or make them feel inferior because of their minority group status
Passive racism
Being complicit in another’s racism
Cultural racism
Values that reinforce the interests of the dominant group and undermine the interests of the subordinate group, ex. hostility to employment equity
Racialized socialization
Social interaction that contains messages and practices about the nature of racialized groups, ex. personal and group identity, inter-group and individual relationships, your position in the s.e.s hierarchy
White racial bonding
Whites bonding together, us vs. them, due to living near similar people and socializing with them
Assimilation
Being absorbed into the dominant culture
Amalgamation
Blending attributes from different groups to form a new society
The cost of living squeeze
People who have experienced no or minimal raises over the years, which doesn’t match inflation, conflict theory
Gendered racism
How race and sex intersects, exploits visible minority women, ex. First Nations women, feminist theory
Intersectionality
The myriad ways in which oppressions are linked, feminist theory
