Chapter 3 - Quizzes

Question 1

Which of Freud’s hypothesized personality parts controls a person’s set of moral behaviors?

Answer 1

The superego

Question 2

Why might a teenage girl suddenly start listening to a new type of music?

Answer 2

She is experiencing anticipatory socialization.

Question 3

“Male” and “female” are such powerful _______ that learning them forces us to interpret the world in terms of gender.

Answer 3

Symbols

Question 4

The correct sequence of Mead’s three stages of how we learn to take on the role of others is __________.

Answer 4

imitation, play, team games.

Question 5

When Joe enters the Army, he is assigned a number, given a uniform, and told to shave off all facial hair. If you consider the Army a total institution, what process is Joe experiencing?

Answer 5

Resocialization

Question 6

Marcus works as an air conditioner technician. This places him solidly in the upper middle class. However, he has a loo of freedom in his job, because he is on the road alone m,ost of the workday. What character trait will Marcus likely appreciate in his children?

Answer 6

Independence

Question 7

In the early middle years, a person would be most likely to _______ for the first time.

Answer 7

get divorced

Question 8

How has being elderly in the U.S changed recently?

Answer 8

People who are in good health today are coming to experience their 60s not as old age, but as an extension of their middle years.

Question 9

In the 1930s, children reared in orphanages tended to have ______.

Answer 9

low IQs

Question 10

Which of the following is an effect the increasing aging population will have on society?

Answer 10

The younger generations will be forced to interact more with the elderly.

Question 11

How do Piaget’s and Freud’s view on human development differ?

Answer 11

Freud believed that people were passive in their own development, while Piaget thought that they were active in their growth.

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of a first step of resocialization in a total institution such as prison?

Answer 12

Experiencing the removal of your existing identity.

Question 13

Studying the twins, Jack and Oskar, teaching sociologists that ________.

Answer 13

Social experiences override biology.

Question 14

Gender ___________ are the methods society uses to tell us how males and females are expected to act.

Answer 14

messages

Question 15

For what reasons do sociologists study twins who were separated at birth?

Answer 15

They are biologically similar but have different upbringings.

Question 16

The example of the 13-year-old girl named Genie who was locked in a small room since she was 20 months of age shows that _______.

Answer 16

Early interactions are necessary for normal development.

Question 17

What did Skeels and Dye learn about institutionalised children?

Answer 17

Institutionalized children had low IQs, because of the absence of human interactions.

Question 18

A sociologist administer an intelligence test to a seven-year-old child. The child has been locked away in isolation for his entire life with virtually no human contact and was only recently rescued. The child will most likely score _____.

Answer 18

practically zero on the test.

Question 19

Which of the following most prevents a feral child or an isolated child from being socialized?

Answer 19

lack of language

Question 20

Harry and Margaret Harlows’ experiments involving the isolation of baby monkeys important because they _______.

Answer 20

confirmed that infant-mother bonding is the result of intimate physical contact.

Question 21

In this case of Jack and Oskar, identical twins separated at birth, which of the following illustrates the effects of heredity on personality?

Answer 21

Both liked sweet liqueur and spicy foods.

Question 22

Which of the following is one way in which modern sociologists have refined Piaget’s theory of development?

Answer 22

They posit that some people do not progress through all stages.

Question 23

Which scenario shows a person in Mead’s imitation stage?

Answer 23

Marua, age 2, dances with her big brother

Question 24

Saul, a 5th grader, is in an anger management group. He is role-playing with his group in order to understand how his classmates feel when he screams at them. Which sociologist’s theories support this type of instruction?

Answer 24

George Herbert Mead

Question 25

Which of the following best describes the role that socialization plays in early childhood?

Answer 25

It leads to action considered human

Question 26

Which individual is most likely experiencing Piaget’s preoperational stage of cognitive development?

Answer 26

Jorge, age six

Question 27

According to Mead, as people ______, they learn to take the roles of others.

Answer 27

play

Question 28

How is Piaget’s sensorimotor stage similar to Freud’s concept of the id?

Answer 28

Both are focused on sensory input.

Question 29

According to Freud, which forces are constantly in conflict

Answer 29

Id and superego

Question 30

when testing Kohlberg’s theory, researchers found that most societies do not have the _____ stage of universal meaning.

Answer 30

post-conventional

Question 31

When a child at school jumps ahead in the lunch line, a cafeteria worker scolds her and makes her apologize to others in the line before sending her to the principal’s office. The next day, the child considers cutting in line again but does not. In Freud’s view this episode has contributed to the child’s development of ________.

Answer 31

the superego

Question 32

Which of the following can be attributed more to biology than to socialization?

Answer 32

Facial expression that express certain emotions, such as fear and happiness.

Question 33

The vignette about Joan and Tafadzwa demonstrates that _____ is determined by ______.

Answer 33

emotion; culture

Question 34

A child who steals a snack is letting his behavior determined by the _______.

Answer 34

id

Question 35

What is the first significant factor in gender socialization ?

Answer 35

Family

Question 36

What do the sworn virgins of Albania help to explain about sex and gender?

Answer 36

Society must create a relationship between sex and gender roles

Question 37

Although the gender messages in anime have yet to be fully explored by sociologist, the characterization of _______ young girls _______ young boys raises some issues about what children are learning from this Japanese cartoon form.

Answer 37

big-eyed; fighting

Question 38

Ms. Joens and Mr. Frederick both go to Dr. Grant with complaints of headaches and joint pain. Dr. Grant suggests that Ms. Joens should go home and rest but sends Mr. Frederick for further testing until it is discovered that Mr. Frederick has Lyme disease. This scenario is an example of ______ based on gender.

Answer 38

Social inequality

Question 39

Goldberg and Lewis discovered that the actions of mothers caused ________.

Answer 39

sons to feel independent

Question 40

In Albania and parts of Bosnia and Serbia, it is custom for some women to become men in order to ______.

Answer 40

Support the family

Question 41

Peer groups among grade school children both boys and girls- tend to value ______.

Answer 41

Conformity

Question 42

Cynthia wants to become an actress some day. She joins the theater club at her high school where, to fit in, she dyes her hair blacked, begins wearing eyeliner, and starts dressing like others in the club. FCynthia is undergoing?

Answer 42

Anticipatory socialization

Question 43

Religion, school, and peer groups are examples of ______.

Answer 43

Socialization agents.

Question 44

Parents who experience more _____ at work are more likely to rely on _______ to socialize their children.

Answer 44

Autonomy; reasoning

Question 45

Which of the following agents of socialization provides a foundation for moral values, serves as an avenue for social mobility, and helps immigrants integrate into society?

Answer 45

Religion

Question 46

Which common saying advocates anticipatory socialization?

Answer 46

“dress for the job you want, not the job you have.”

Question 47

Children of immigrants typically feel _______ about assimilating

Answer 47

Conflicted

Question 48

Which of the following is a goal total institution?

Answer 48

Forced resocialization.

Question 49

Upon being admitted to prison, new inmates must trade in their clothing and personal effects for orange jump suits-0 the same worn by all other inmates at the facility. This requirement is an example of a(n) _________.

Answer 49

degradation ceremony.

Question 50

Which statements about the transition to adulthood is correct?

Answer 50

Fewer men completed the transition to adulthood by the age of 30 in 2000 than in 1960.

Question 51

Which of the following is a reason school children were made to witness execution three hundred years ago?

Answer 51

To scare children into good behavior.

Question 52

in many tribal societies, the passages into adulthood is marked by _______.

Answer 52

initation rites

Question 53

Why is it difficult to determine the exact onset of adulthood?

Answer 53

The social experiences that constitute childhood vary across cultures.

Question 54

Sociologist do not consider people slaves to socialization, rather they argue that _______.

Answer 54

Individuals are actively involved in the construction of the self.

Question 55

Socialization is to ______ as language is to social interaction

Answer 55

determinism