Chapter 1 - Quiz

Question 1

According to the sociological perspective, why do people choose spouses who share their race, social class, level of education, and degree of physical attractiveness

Answer 1

Society guides our actions, thoughts, and feelings, narrowing our choices to people similar to ourselves.

Question 2

According to C. Wright Mills, in what ways were people able to use a sociological perspective to better understand their lives during the Great Depression?

Answer 2

People realized they couldn’t find jobs because the economy had collapsed.

Question 3

Why did the Wall Street Journal call Karl Marx one of the world’s three greatest modern thinkers

Answer 3

His theories had a major influence on world history.

Question 4

The word sociology combines the Greek word logos, meaning “study of,” with the Latin word socius meaning “______.”

Answer 4

being with others.

Question 5

What religious aspect brought about capitalism, according to Max Weber?

Answer 5

Protestants saw financial success as a sign of God’s favor.

Question 6

Herbert Spencer used the phrase “survival of the fittest” to refer to his theory that _______.

Answer 6

societies evolve over time because the fittest members adapt to their environment.

Question 7

How did Comte contribute to the study of society?

Answer 7

He applied the scientific method to the study of society.

Question 8

Which phrase best defines the Protestant ethic, according to Max Weeber?

Answer 8

Financial investments.

Question 9

On which point did Herbert Spencer disagree with Auguste Comte?

Answer 9

Sociologists should guide social reform.

Question 10

Which statements best describes the approach of W.E.B Du Bois in addressing the problems facing black communities?

Answer 10

He spoke out against racial inequality and become involved with organizations to combat racism.

Question 11

What challenge did female sociologists in the 19th-century face?

Answer 11

Sex roles made it difficult for them to be respected as sociologists.

Question 12

Which program would be most likely to hire an applied sociologist?

Answer 12

A non-profit organization’s program to improve a neighborhood.

Question 13

Who would most likely be an advocate of affirmative action ?

Answer 13

W. E. B. Du Bois.

Question 14

How did Devah Pager’s study change from basic sociology to public sociology?

Answer 14

President George W. Bush read Pager’s result and created a mentoring program for released prisoners seekings jobs.

Question 15

Jane Addams opened Hull-House with a mission to _______.

Answer 15

offer refuge to immigrants, the poor, the sick, and older people.

Question 16

Which of the following is the most likely approach an applied sociologist would take to the problem of children in an urban area who are hungry?

Answer 16

Create a school lunch program

Question 17

Monique watns to study the meaning of pratyer beads in different religions. Which of the following types of sociology is she likely to align herself with?

Answer 17

Symbolic interactionism.

Question 18

A sociologist following the ——- approach would be likely to ask the following questions:What are the major parts of society? How are these parts linked? What does each part do to help society work?

Answer 18

functional analysis

Question 19

Based on the work of Robert K. Merton, what is a social dysfunction?

Answer 19

Any social pattern that may disrupt the operation of society.

Question 20

Someone used the functional analysis approach might classify the effect higher education has on unemployment levels as a ________.

Answer 20

Latent function

Question 21

Symbolic interactionism is a micro-level approach because it analyzes ______.

Answer 21

meaning that groups attach to their social word.

Question 22

Feminists will sometimes draw on the ideas of Marxism but instead focusing on _____ they focus on _______.

Answer 22

capitalists and workers; men and women.

Question 23

Common sense is to _______

as the scientific method is to sociological research.

Answer 23

background knowledge

Question 24

In comparison to sociological research, common sense is _____ understanding social life.

Answer 24

an insufficient means of

Question 25

Tables contain ______ elements.

Answer 25

six

Question 26

A researcher finds that use of deodorant causes breast cancer. Subsequent studies by other researchers, however, have not replicated this finding. The first researcher’s study lacks _______.

Answer 26

reliability

Question 27

When operational definitions measure what they are intended to measure, they are said to be _________.

Answer 27

valid

Question 28

Kayla decides that she would like to research eating disorders. She wants to determine how they begin in teenage American girls. Her next step in the research model is ________.

Answer 28

reviewing the literature.

Question 29

Which of the following is the first basic step in scientific research?

Answer 29

Selecting a topic.

Question 30

Which of the following is one of the major drawbacks of case studies?

Answer 30

They are often very specific and, therefore, suffer from the problem of generalizability.

Question 31

__________ focuses on a single event, situation, or individual.

Answer 31

A case study.

Question 32

When a researcher fails to take into account the fact that participants in a study might respond a certain way just to avoid sounding politically incorrect, this is bias due to ________.

Answer 32

mere sloppiness

Question 33

In a survey, the people who answer the question are known as _______.

Answer 33

respondents.

Question 34

________ means that one thing happens before something else does.

Answer 34

Temporal priority.

Question 35

To gather data in sensitive areas, some researchers use _____.

Answer 35

Computer- Assisted self-interviewing.

Question 36

In a _________, everyone in your target population has the same chance of being included in the study.

Answer 36

random sample.

Question 37

Scully and Marolla feared that their interviews of rapists in prison might be affected by ______.

Answer 37

Interviewers bias.

Question 38

Why is gender a signficant factor to consider when conducting a research?

Answer 38

It affects orientation and attitudes on many topics.

Question 39

Which of the following statements best explains why a sociologist would not slip an unsuspecting soldier LSD, as was done in the 1960s?

Answer 39

Today, sociologist take human subjects’ ethics very srsly.

Question 40

What did Mario Brajuha do that made his research experiment famous?

Answer 40

He protected his subjects.

Question 41

Which of the following did Humphreys’ research show about the nature of sociological study?

Answer 41

Human relationship and the means of studying them raise a wide range of ethical questions.

Question 42

Which of the following is a major trend in sociology?

Answer 42

Sociologist are moving beyond theory development to using sociology to solve real world problems.

Question 43

From a sociological perspectives, how has the spread of capitalism across the globe affected our own lives?

Answer 43

It has made us more dependent on one another.

Question 44

It is considered _______ for sociologist to do covert participant observation, but to __________ oneself is to considered unethical.

Answer 44

acceptable; misrepresent.

Question 45

Which the following qualities is important to keep bias from affected the data obtained in a survey?

Answer 45

The survey should contain neutral questions.

Question 46

For Kellan’s study, she would like to conduct a survey of first-time mothers in their 30s and 40s. The _____ method would work best for this study?

Answer 46

Stratified random sampling.

Question 47

Which theory about work would be supported by Herbert Spencer’s theories?

Answer 47

Highly educated and skilled workers move up and become leaders.

Question 48

Which factor most contributed to the birth of the field of sociology?

Answer 48

The scientific method.

Question 49

The main benefit of writing and publishing a research report is to _______.

Answer 49

Share the findings with the scientific community.

Question 50

Which of the following statements explains the relationships between biased questions and fraud?

Answer 50

To avoid distortion, misrepresentation, or even fraud, researchers must guard against asking biased questions.

Question 51

Based on Durkheim’s findings, why would Protestants have had higher suicide rates than Catholics and Jews?

Answer 51

Protestants had lower levels of social integration.

Question 52

Why do sociologists today extend conflict theory beyond in roots?

Answer 52

They believe MArx’s theory applies to conflicts between any social group, not just capitalists and workers.

Question 53

Just would like to avoid using any closed-ended questions in interviewing respondents about their vacations. Which of the following questions should Justin avoid asking?

Answer 53

“Have you ever been disappointed by a vacation package?”

Question 54

Macro-level analysis means to _______.

Answer 54

look at the general to understand the specific.

Question 55

In his research, Ari is planning to use the ______ method in which he asks subjects a series of questions about the topic.

Answer 55

survey.