chapter 3 pt.2

Question 1

enzyme

Answer 1

working proteins that speed up a specific chemical reaction

Question 2

organs

Answer 2

made up of tissues that perform specific jobs

Question 3

blood

Answer 3

composed of water, red and white bc’s, nutrients, oxygen, and other formed particles

Question 4

lymph

Answer 4

fluid that moves from the bloodstream into tissue spaces, then travel in its own vessels

Question 5

body systems

Answer 5

group of related organs that work together to perform a function

Question 6

hormones are

Answer 6

chemicals that are secreted by glands into the blood in response to conditions in the body that require regulations

Question 7

peristalsis

Answer 7

muscular squeezing of the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine that pushes their contents along

Question 8

sphincter

Answer 8

circular muscle surrounding, and able to close, a body opening

Question 9

chyme

Answer 9

fluid resulting from the actions of the stomach upon a meal

Question 10

hydrochloric acid is a

Answer 10

strong acid produced by the stomach to assist in digestion

Question 11

bile

Answer 11

digestive fluid made by the liver, stored in the gallbladder, and released into the small intestine.

Question 12

bile emulsifies

Answer 12

fats and oils to ready them for enzymatic digestion

Question 13

villi

Answer 13

fingerlike projections of the sheets of cells lining the intestinal tract.

Question 14

microvilli

Answer 14

tiny projections on each cell of every villus that greatly expand the surface area.

Question 15

segmentation

Answer 15

mixes chyme with chemical secretions

Question 16

fecal material

Answer 16

body waste matter based on ingested food and the secretions of intestines

Question 17

circular folds

Answer 17

large flaps projecting into the lumen of the small intestine.c

Question 18

circular folds help regulate

Answer 18

the flow of digested foods through your intestine

Question 19

cells basic needs

Answer 19

oxygen
water
nutrients
energy

Question 20

cardiovascular system is an

Answer 20

enclosed system that is pressurized by the heart

Question 21

in the cardiovascular system the liver receives and screens

Answer 21

newly absorbed water-friendly substances for digestion

Question 22

in the cardiovascular system the liver chemically alters

Answer 22

absorbed substances making them user-friendly for the body tissues

Question 23

water-friendly substances include

Answer 23

sugars
amino acids
water-soluble vitamins minerals and medications

Question 24

body fluids that circulate around cells function

Answer 24

supply energy, oxygen, nutrients, and water
deliver fresh supplies and pick up wastes

Question 25

intracellular fluids

Answer 25

holds cellular shape and is where all cell reactions take place

Question 26

lymphatic system has

Answer 26

beginnings and ends for vessels

Question 27

lymphatic system have

Answer 27

lipid-friendly substances absorbed into the lymph vessels

Question 28

lipid- friendly substances

Answer 28

lipid family members fat-soluble vitamins fat-friendly phytochemicals fat-based chemicals

Question 29

muscle activity and gravity in the lymphatic system drive

Answer 29

fluid flow

Question 30

lymph fluids empty into the

Answer 30

subclavian veins leading to the heart

Question 31

stress response in terms of adernaline

Answer 31

epinephrine and norepinephrine

Question 32

in stress response metabolism..

Answer 32

speeds up

Question 33

in stress response, these areas receive enhanced blood flow

Answer 33

liver heart lungs brain arms legs

Question 34

in stress response, these areas receive diminished blood flow, slowing their functions

Answer 34

all GI tract structures kidneys skin

Question 35

body response of stress response

Answer 35

eyes heart lungs muscles

Question 36

energy sources of stress response

Answer 36

liver releases glucose units from its glycogen stores fat cells release fats from its fat stores

Question 37

health concerns of stress response

Answer 37

heart attack diabetes

Question 38

bicarbonate ions

Answer 38

buffers that is a part of the body's acid-base balance, which keeps a balanced pH level

Question 39

digestive enzymes are

Answer 39

proteins that your body makes to break down food and aid digestion

Question 40

mechanical digestion

Answer 40

beginning in the mouth, the altering of texture of foods by chewing, grinding, crushing foods and adding liquids to aid swallowing, and creating chyme

Question 41

pendular movement

Answer 41

enhances nutrient absorption in small intestine