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ESC 320 > Chapter 3 (Principles) > Flashcards

Chapter 3 (Principles) Flashcards

1
Q

Physical fitness is the ability to what?

A
  • the ability to perform occupational, recreational, and daily activities without fatigue
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2
Q

Cardiorespiratory endurance is the ability to what?

A
  • the ability to supply blood to working muscles
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3
Q

What is musculoskeletal strength?

A
  • maximal force or tension level that can be produced by a muscle group
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4
Q

What is musculoskeletal endurance?

A
  • ability of a muscle to maintain submaximal force levels for extended periods
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5
Q

What is musculoskeletal power?

A
  • the rate of force development
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6
Q

What is musculoskeletal bone strength?

A
  • risk of bone fracture
  • function of the mineral content and density of the bone tissue
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7
Q

What is body weight density?

A
  • the absolute and relative amounts of muscle, fat, and bone tissues
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8
Q

Define flexibility

A
  • the ability to move a joint or series of joints fluidly through a range of motion
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9
Q

Limiting factor of flexibility

A
  • bony structure of the joint, size and strength of muscles, ligaments, and connective tissues
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10
Q

Define balance

A
  • the ability to keep the body’s center of gravity within the base of support
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11
Q

Functional aspect of balance

A
  • the ability to perform daily movement tasks requiring balance
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12
Q

What is the purpose of testing?

A
  • identify strengths and weaknesses
  • set realistic and attainable goals
  • make accurate and precise exercise prescription
  • retest to document progress
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13
Q

Ideal environment for testing

A
  • friendly, quiet, private, safe, and comfortable
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14
Q

Order of testing

A
  1. resting values
  2. body composition and balance
  3. cardiorespiratory endurance
  4. muscular fitness
  5. flexibility
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15
Q

What is validity?

A
  • the ability to measure accurately
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16
Q

What is a indirect measurement?

A
  • estimate the reference based on other measured variables
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17
Q

What is the correlation (validity) coefficient?

A
  • the relationship between the predicted value and reference
  • using an R-value
18
Q

What does the standard error of estimate measure?

A
  • the accuracy of prediction
19
Q

What is sensitivity?

A
  • probability of correctly identifying risk factors
  • false positive
20
Q

What is specificity?

A
  • probability of correctly identify no risk factors
  • false negative
21
Q

What is objectivity?

A
  • intertester reliability
22
Q

What is reliability?

A
  • consistent and stable score
23
Q

What is overload?

A
  • physiological systems must be stressed for them to adapt
24
Q

What is progression?

A
  • physiological systems adapt to stress, additional stress is needed to provide overload
25
Q

Initial conditioning

A
  • Low intensity, technique, increase duration first
26
Q

Improvement

A
  • all variable increase (one at a time)
27
Q

Maintenance

A
  • low frequency and duration, high intensity
28
Q

What is regression?

A
  • physiological systems receive less stress is needed to provide overload
29
Q

What are initial values?

A
  • lower the fitness level, the larger/faster the progression
30
Q

What are diminishing returns (ceiling)?

A
  • closer to an individual’s genetic ceiling, the smaller/slower the progression
31
Q

What are the FITT variables?

A
  • frequency
  • intensity
  • type
  • time
32
Q

How can overload be applied?

A
  • by manipulating frequency, intensity, type, and time
33
Q

What are the 5 stages of change?

A
  1. precontemplation
  2. contemplation
  3. preparation
  4. action
  5. maintenance
34
Q

Precontemplation

A
  • does not exercise and does not intend to start
35
Q

Contemplation

A
  • not exercising but intends to start
36
Q

Preparation

A
  • exercising but not meeting recommended amount of PA
37
Q

Action

A
  • exercising regularly for less than 6 months
38
Q

Maintenance

A
  • exercising regularly for more than 6 months
39
Q

What is the decision-making theory model?

A
  • weighing the perceived benefits and costs of that behavior
40
Q

What is the self-determination theory?

A
  • the ability to make choices and manage their own life
41
Q

What are the 3 basic needs of motivation?

A
  1. autonomy
  2. competence
  3. relatedness

ESC 320 (8 decks)

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