Chapter 3 - Molecules of Life: Part 2 Flashcards
Proteins are bodybuilding _ essential in our diet.
Macromolecules.
Proteins have a variety of functions including …
- grow
- repair
- replace
- store energy
Amino Acids are the _ block of Proteins.
Building.
How many Amino Acids are there ?
20
How many Amino Acids can we not make ( aka the essentials ) ?
9
How many Amino Acids do we naturally produce ?
11
Amino Acids are composed of …
C, H , O , N
Amino Acids differ in _ chain composition.
Side
Complete Proteins contain …
All the essential Amino Acids and usually from animals.
Incomplete Proteins often contain …
Plant sources
Complementary Proteins are often …
eaten together yielding all the essential amino acids.
A protein’s function is influenced by what shape ?
It’s Three- Dimension shape.
Denaturation is …
an extreme change in weather or pH that unfolds protein shape and function.
What breaks stuff down and controls chemical reactions?
Enzymes.
Most enzymes end with what ?
“-ase”
The “push” reactions need is called …
Activation Energy
Enzymes act as a catalyst by doing what ?
Lowering the Activation Energy.
Can Enzymes be reused ?
Yes
Temperature, pH, substrate concentration, and inhibitors and activators influence what ?
Enzyme Activity.
Reaction rates increase at higher
_ ?
Temperatures.
An Inhibitor _ reaction rates.
Decreases.
An Activator _ reaction rates.
Increases.
Incorrect amino acid sequence, description, and loss of function are related to
Misspelled Proteins
Non functional enzymes are responsible for …
Diseases and Psychological problems.
What are the building blocks of nucleic acids ?
Nucleotides.
Nucleotides are composed of these three molecules …
Sugar, Phosphate group, and Nitrogenous base.
Do Nucleic Acids carry genetic information ?
Yes.
DNA and RNA are the two types of …
Nucleic Acids.
The sequence bases in DNA is …
A (adenine), G (guanine), C (cytosine), T ( thymine).
DNA holds _ info to build an organism.
Genetic.
DNA bases are connected by _ bonds.
Hydrogen.
The Base Pairing are _ with T and C with _ .
A with T , C with G.
DNA is shaped like a …
Ladder.
RNA is a universal _ .
Translator.
RNA is a _ molecule.
Sugar.
RNA is _ stranded unlike DNA which is double stranded.
Single.
U (uracil) replaces T (thymine) in DNA or RNA ?
RNA.
