Chapter 3 Mitosis and Meiosis Flashcards
of chromosomes is equal to the number of ?
intact centromeres
What are the three stages of interphase?
G1
S
G2
When is DNA replicated?
S phase of interphase
Define mitosis
single cell division
What are the four stages of mitosis?
prophase
metaphase
anaphase
telophase
What happens during prophase?
2n, 2c
spindle apparatus forms
What happens during metaphase of mitosis?
2n, 2c
chromosomes align at equatorial plate
What happens during anaphase?
paired sister chromatids separate to opposite sides of pole
each chromosome contains one chromatid
What happens during telophase?
2n, 1c
cells reform into two
Define meiosis.
generates haploid gametes
Meiosis I is a ___ division; meaning chromosome number is __
reductional; halved
What happens during prophase I?
2n 2c
4 chromatids (tetrads) pair up side by side
What happens during metaphase I?
2n, 2c
chromosomes align at center of plate
What happens during anaphase I?
one set of chromosomes move to each pole; homologs separate
What happens during telophase I?
2n, 1c
What is interkinesis?
A short intermission between meiosis I and II
Meiosis II is a __ division, and the number of chromosomes ___
equatorial; do not change
What happens during prophase II?
line up next to each other; 1n, 2c
What happens during metaphase II?
middle of cell; 1n, 2c
What happens during anaphase II?
paired sister chromatids separate; 1 chromosome to 1 chromatid
What happens during telophase II?
haploid set of chromosomes at each pole;
1n, 1c
What are the five stages of prophase I?
leptonema
zygonema
pachynema
diplonema
diakinesis
Walk through the process of spermatogensis
primary spermatocyte (MI) 2 haploid secondary spermatocytes (MII) four haploid spermatocytes > spermatids > sperm cells
Walk through the process of oogenesis?
primary oocyte (MI) secondary oocyte + 1st polar body (MII) secondary oocyte + multiple polar bodies > egg cell
