Chapter 3 Med Terms Flashcards
1
Q
Abdomin/o
A
Abdomen
2
Q
Arc/o
A
Extremities, top, extreme point
3
Q
Acu/o
A
Sharp, severe, sudden
4
Q
Aden/o
A
Gland
5
Q
Adip/o
A
Fat
6
Q
Amni/o
A
Amnion
7
Q
Angi/o
A
Vessel
8
Q
Arteri/o
A
Artery
9
Q
Arthr/o
A
Joint
10
Q
Axill/o
A
Armpit
11
Q
Bi/o
A
Life
12
Q
Blephar/o
A
Eyelid
13
Q
Bronch/o
A
Bronchial tubes
14
Q
Carcin/o
A
Cancer
15
Q
Cardi/o
A
Heart
16
Q
Chem/o
A
Drug, chemical
17
Q
Chondr/o
A
Cartilage
18
Q
Chron/o
A
Time
19
Q
Col/o
A
Colon (Large intestine)
20
Q
Coccyg/o
A
Coccyx
21
Q
Cyst/o
A
Urinary bladder
22
Q
Encephal/o
A
Brain
23
Q
Erythr/o
A
Red
24
Q
Gon/o
A
Seed
25
Hem/o
Blood
26
Hepat/o
Liver
27
Hydr/o
Water, fluid
28
Inguin/o
Groin
29
Isch/o
To hold back
30
Lapar/o
Abdomen, abdominal wall
31
Laryng/o
Larynx
32
Leuk/o
White
33
Lymph/o
Lymph
34
Mamm/o
Breast
35
Mast/o
Breast
36
Morph/o
Shape, form
37
Muc/o
Mucus
38
My/o
Muscle
39
Myel/o
Spinal cord; Bone marrow
40
Narc/o
Stupor, to sleep
41
Necr/o
Death
42
Nephr/o
Kidney
43
Neur/o
Nerves
44
Neutr/o
Neutrophil
45
Nucle/o
Nucleus
46
Omphal/o
Umbilicus
47
Ophthalm/o
Eye
48
Opi/o
Opium
49
Oste/o
Bone
50
Ot/o
Ear
51
Path/o
Disease
52
Peritone/o
Peritoneum
53
Phag/o
To eat, swallow
54
Pharyng/o
Pharynx
55
Phalang/o
Phalanges (Finger or toe)
56
Phleb/o
Vein
57
Plas/o
Formation, development
58
Pleur/o
Pleura
59
Pneumon/o
Lungs
60
Pulmon/o
Lungs
61
Radi/o
X-rays
62
Rect/o
Rectum
63
Ren/o
Kidney
64
Rhin/o
Nose
65
Sarc/o
Flesh
66
Splen/o
Spleen
67
Staphyl/o
Clusters
68
Strept/o
Twisted chains
69
Thorac/o
Chest
70
Thromb/o
Clot
71
Tonsill/o
Tonsils
72
Trache/o
Trachea
73
Ven/o
Vein
74
Sac surrounding the embryo in uterus
Amnion
75
2 tubes, one right and one left, that branch from the trachea to enter the lungs
Bronchial tubes
76
Clear fluid that bathes tissues spaces and is contained in lymph vessels and nodes throughout the body
Lymph
77
Membrane surrounding the lungs, adjacent to the chest wall
Pleura
78
Tailbone
Coccyx
79
Voice box
Larynx
80
Throat
Pharynx
81
Tor or finger
Phalanx
82
Common chronic disorder that involves widespread pain in muscles and fibrous tissues around joints
Fibromyalgia
83
Commonly known as paracentesis;
Tube places through an incision in the abdomen and fluid is removed from the peritoneal cavity
Abdominocentesis
84
Pain in the chest wall muscles that is aggrevated by breathing
Pleurodynia
85
Excessive destruction of red blood cells can lead to this type of anemia
Hemolytic anemia
86
Normal breakdown of red blood cells
Hemolysis
87
Primary disease of the heart muscle in the absence of a known underlying etiology
Cardiomyopathy
88
Fear of heights
Acrophobia
89
Inherited disorder or can be result of a mutuation in specific gene
Achondroplasia
90
Interventional cardiologist opens a narrowed blood vessel (artery) using a balloon that is inflated after insertion into the vessel
Angioplasty
91
Deposits of fat collecting in an artery
Atherosclerosis
92
High-energy radiation is used to treat, not diagnose, illness
Radiotherapy
93
Cells increase in size, not number
Hypertrophy
94
Cells decrease in size
Atrophy
95
Under ultrasound guidance that physician inserts a needle through the uterine wall and amnion, into the amniotic cavity
Amniocentesis
96
Inflammation of the tonsils
Tonsillitis
97
Removal of the tonsils
Tonsillectomy
98
Eyelid droops because of muscle weakness
Ptosis of the upper eyelid
Blepharoptosis
99
Technologist who assits in making of diagnostic x-ray pictures
Radiographer
100
Group of cancers that begins in bone marrow and results in high numbers of abnormal, immature white blood cells
Leukemia
101
Membrane surrounding the heart
Pericardium
102
Heart attack where the infraction results in ischemia
Myocardial infraction
103
Area of dead tissue
Necrosis
104
Lack of blood supply to that tissue
Ischemia
105
Found in armpit and are important in breast cancer
Axillary lymph nodes
106
Malignant tumor produced in the bone
Osteogenic sarcoma
107
Describes disease that is of rapid onset and has severe symptoms and bried duration
Acute
108
Membranes produce that sticky secretion called mucus
Mucous
109
Carry oxygenated rich blood from heart to organs
Arteries
110
Small arteries
Arterioles
111
Smallest blood vessels
Capillaries
112
Small veins
Venules
113
Development of high blood pressure in hepatic veins and hemolytic blood diseases
Splenomegaly
114
-algia
Pain
115
-cele
Hernia
116
-centesis
Puncture to remove fluid
117
-coccus
-cocci
Berry-shape bacterium
118
Singular suffix for berry-shaped bacterium
-coccus
119
Plural suffix for berry-shaped bacterium
-cocci
120
Plural of bacterium
Bacteria
121
-cyte
Cell
122
-dynia
Pain
123
-ectomy
Removal, excision, resection
124
-emia
Blood condition
125
-genesis
Condition of producing, forming
126
-gram
Record
127
-graph
Instrument of recording
128
-graphy
Inflammation
129
-logy
Study of
130
-lysis
Breakdown, destuction, separation
131
-malacia
Softening
132
-megaly
Enlargement
133
-oma
Tumor, mass, or collection of fluid
134
-opsy
To view
135
-osis
Condition, usually abnormal
136
-pathy
Disease condition
137
-penia
Deficiency
138
-phobia
Fear
139
-plasia
Development, formation, growth
140
-plasty
Surgical repair
141
-ptosis
Drooping, falling, prolapse
142
-rrhea
Flow, discharge
143
-sclerosis
Hardening
144
-scope
Process of visual examination
145
-stasis
Controlling, stopping
146
-stomy
Opening to form a mouth
147
-therapy
Treatment
148
-tomy
Incision, cutting into
149
-trophy
Development, nourishment
150
-er
One, who
151
-ia
Condition
152
-ist
Specialist
153
-oid
Resembing derviced from
154
-ole
Little, small
155
-ule
Little, small
156
-um, -ium
Structures
157
-us
Structure, substance
158
-y
Condition, process
159
-ac, -iac
Pertaining to
160
-al
Pertaining to
161
-ar
Pertaining to
162
-ary
Pertaining to
163
-eal
Pertaining to
164
-genic
Pertaining to producing, produced by or in
165
-ic, -ical
Pertaining to
166
-ose
Pertaining to, full of
167
-tic
Pertaining of
168
Spleen is located in which quadrant
LUQ
169
What is the spleen composed of
Lymph tissue and blood vessels
170
What does the spleen do
Disposes dying red blood cells
171
What type of cells does the spleen contain
White blood cells to fight disease
172
If splenectomy is performed, the other organs will
Carry out its functions
173
What are the 4 surgical repairs and where are the locations of these surgeries
Abdominoplasty - Abdomen
Mammoplasty - Breast
Blepharoplasty - Eyelid
Rhinoplasty - Nose
174
Opioids are also known as ____.
Where does this drug derive from?
Narcotics
Opium poopy plant
175
What are the types of opidois/narcotics
Heroin
Fentanyl
Oxycodone (Oxycontin)
Hydrocodone (Vicodin)
Codeine
Morphine
176
How do opiods affect the brain?
Act on brain receptors to alleviate pain
177
What is the name of the medication that helps treat opiod addictions?
What does it do for the body?
Buprenorphine
Reduces acute and chronic pain, minimizes withdrawal symptoms
178
This is a medication it counter the effects of life-threating opioid
Narcan or Naloxone
179
Breast cancer cells often spread to node
Axillary lymph nodes
180
The first lymph node cancer is most likely to spread to
Sentinel axillary lymph node
181
How is an axillary lymph node removed
When it is removed what happens after?
Removed dring mastectomy or lumpectomy
Tumor is biopsied to see if cancer has spread beyond the great
182
Protrusion of an organ or muscular wall of an organ through the cavity that normally contains it
Hernia
183
Occurs when the stomach protrudes upward into the mediastinum through the esophageal opening in the diaphragm
Hiatal Hernia
184
Consequence of hitala hernia
Reflux gastric contents and acid into esophagus --> Esophagitis causes chest pain commonly mistaken for a heart attack (Heart burn)
185
Occurs when part of the intestine protrudes downward into the groin region and commonly into the scrotal sac in the male
Inguinal hernia
186
Occurs when part of the urinary bladder herniates through the vaginal wall as result of weak pelvic mucles
Cystocele
187
What portion of the bladder is herniated in a cystocele
Portion of urinary bladder herniated posteriorly toward the vagina
188
Protrusion of a portion of the rectum toward the vagina
Rectocele
189
What portion of the rectum herniates in a rectocele
Portion of rectum herniates anteriorly toward the vagina
190
Herniation of the intestines through a weakness in the abdominal wall around the navel occuring in infants at birth
Omphalocele
191
Berry-shaped bacterium, grows in twisted chains
Streptococcus
192
Streptococci causes what conditions
Other groups cause infections in the
Strep throat
Tonsillitis
Rheumatic
Fever
Certain kidney aliments
Infections in the teeth and within the sinuses of nose, face, and heart
193
Berry-shaped bacteria that grows in large clusters like grapes
Staphylococci
194
The lesions of staphylococci may be external in
Internal in?
E -Skin abscesses
Boils
Styes
I - Abscesses in bone and kidney
195
Collection of pus, white blood cells, and protein that is present at the site of infection
Abscess
196
Serious staphylococci condition that's diffuclt to treat with antibiotics
MRSA
197
MRSA can become an antibiotic ____ infection.
When MRSA bacteria develops it has the ability to?
Resistant infection
Ability to resist or defeat the drugs designed to kill them
198
Berry-shaped bacteria organized in pairs
Diplococci
199
Berry-shaped bacteria in the lungs
Pneumococci
200
Berry-shaped bacteria seeds
Gonococci
201
Pneumococci causes
Bacterial pneumonia and gonococci invade the repro organs and cause gonorrhea
202
C. Difficile infection causes
Common in patients who
Can become resistant to
Inflammation of the colon and severe diarrheal disease
Take anitbiotics for long period of time
Antibiotics
203
How do you treat C. Difficile Infection
Fecal transplant must be done to restore normal bacteria
204
Red blood cells made in bone marrow
Erythrocytes
205
Important protein in erythrocytes
Hemoglobin
206
Carry oxygen from the lungs through the blood to all body cells
Erythrocytes
207
Body cells carry oxygen to burn food and release energy, this process is called
Catabolism
208
White blood cells
Leukocytes
209
List the 5 different leukocytes
Granulocytes (3)
Polymorphonuclear (3)
Mononuclear (2)
210
Contain dark-staining granules in their cytoplasm and have multilobed nucleus
Granulocytes
211
Granulocytes are formed in the
Bone Marrow
212
What are the 3 types of granulocytes
Eosinophils
Basophils
Neutrophils
213
Granules stain red, increased in number in allergic conditions such as asthma
Eosinophils
214
About ___% of leukocytes are eosinophils
3%
215
Granules stain blue, function of basophils is not clear, but the number of these cells increases in the healing phase of inflammation
Basophils
216
Less than ___% of leukocytes are basophils
1%
217
Granules stain pale purple, most important disease-fighting cells and the most numerous, engulfing and digesting bacteria like circulations, referred to as "polys" or polymorphonuclear
Neutrophils
218
Have 1 large nucleus and only few granules in their cytoplasm
Mononuclear cells
219
Where are mononuclear cells produced
Bone marrow, spleen, and lymph nodes
220
What are the 2 types of mononuclear cells
Lymphocytes
Monocytes
221
Fight disease by producing antibodies, destroying foreign cells, may attach directly to foreign cells and destory them
Lymphocytes
222
2 types of lymphocytes
B & T cells
223
___% of WBC are lymphocytes
32%
224
Very large engulf and destroy cellular debris after neutrophils have attacked foreign cells
Monocytes
225
Monocytes leave the blood stream and enter the ____ where they become ____
Enter tissues and become macrophages
226
Large phagocytes
Macrophages
227
Monocytes make up about __% of all leukocytes
4%
228
3rd type of blood cell, tiny fragments of cells formed in bone marrow and are necessary of blood clotting
Thrombocytes/Platelets (Clotting cells)
229
Acromegaly is what type of disorder
Endocrine disorder
230
Occurs when the pituitary glands attached to the base of the brain, produces an excessive amount of growth hormone after the completion of puberty
Acromegaly
231
In acromegaly there is an excess of ____ hormone and most often results from a ____ tumor of what gland
Growth hormone, results from a benign tumor of pituitary gland
232
Result of overproduction of pituitary growth hormone beginning in childhood
Giantism
233
Minimally invasive surgery, visual examination of the abdominal cavity using a laparoscope
Laparoscopy
234
Explain the process of a laparoscopy
Insert larparoscope through an incision in the abdomen near the navel --> Gas is infused into the peritoneal cavity to separate and prevent injury to abdominal structures during surgery
235
Surgeons use laparoscopy to examine abdominal viscera for evidence of disease or for procedures such as
Removal of appendix, GB, Adrenal glands, spleen, and/or ovary
Resection of colon
Repair of hernias
236
Incision into the trachea typically done to open it below a blockage
Tracheotomy
237
Small masses of lymphatic tissue in the part of the pharynx near the nose and nasal passageways
Adenoids
