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Elective 1 > Chapter 3 - Introduction to Automation > Flashcards

Chapter 3 - Introduction to Automation Flashcards

1
Q

It is the technology by which a process or procedure is accomplished without human assistance.

A

Automation

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2
Q

3 Basic Elements of an automated system

A
  1. Power
  2. Program Instructions
  3. Control Systems
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3
Q

it is to accomplish the process and operate the automated system

A

Power

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4
Q

It is to direct the process

A

Program of instructions

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5
Q

It is to actuate the instructions

A

Control Systems

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6
Q

Power for the process

A

▪To drive the process itself
▪To load and unload the work unit (proper position and orientation
▪Transport between operations

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7
Q

Power for automation

A

▪Controller unit
▪Power to actuate the control signals
▪Data acquisition and information processing

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8
Q

It is the Principal Power Source

A

Electricity

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9
Q

Widely available at moderate cost

A

Electricity

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10
Q

Can be readily converted to alternative forms, e.g. Mechanical, thermal, light, etc.

A

Electricity

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11
Q

Low level power can be used for signal transmission, data processing, and communication

A

Electricity

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12
Q

Can be stored in long-life batteries

A

Electricity

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13
Q

Set of commands that specify the sequence of steps in the work cycle and the details of each step

A

Program of Instructions

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14
Q

The actions performed by an automated process are defined by a

A

Program of Instructions

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15
Q

The particular processing steps for the work cycle are specified in a ______ (part programs).

A

Work Cycle Program

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16
Q

What the following are examples of automated work cycles in which decision making is required:

A

▪Operator interaction
▪Different part or product styles processed by the system
▪Variations in the starting work units

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17
Q

The Control element of the automated system executes the program of instructions.

A

Control System

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18
Q

The ______ causes the process to accomplish its defined function, to carry out some manufacturing operation.

A

Control System

19
Q

Two types of Control System

A
  1. Open-loop control system

2. Closed-loop (feedback) control system

20
Q 
operates without the
feedback loop
▪Simpler and less expensive
▪Risk that the actuator will not have the intended
effect
A

Open-loop control system

21
Q

a system in
which the output variable is compared with an input
parameter, and any difference between the two is used
to drive the output into agreement with the input

A

Closed-loop (feedback) control system

22
Q

It represents the desired value of

the output

A

Input Parameter (set point)

23
Q

It is the operation or function being controlled

output value

A

The process

24
Q

A _____ is used to measure the output variable and close

the loop between input and output.

A

Sensor

25
Q

The ______ compares the output with the input and makes the required adjustment in the process to reduce
the difference between them.

A

Controller

26
Q

The ______ is accomplished using one or more
actuators which are the hardware devices that physically
carry out the control actions.

A

Adjustment

27
Q

Advanced Automation Functions

A
  1. Safety monitoring
  2. Maintenance and repair diagnostics
  3. Error detection and recovery
28
Q

Use of sensors to track the system’s operation and

identify conditions that are unsafe or potentially unsafe

A

Safety Monitoring

29
Q

Safety monitoring - Examples

A

▪Temperature sensors
▪Heat or smoke detectors
▪Pressure sensitive floor pads
▪Vision systems

30
Q

It refers to the
capabilities of an automated system to assist in identifying
the source of potential or actual malfunctions and failures
of the system.

A

Maintenance and Repair Diagnostics

31
Q

Monitors and records status of key sensors and

parameters during system operation

A

Status monitoring

32
Q

▪Invoked when a malfunction occurs
▪Purpose: analyze recorded values so the cause of
the malfunction can be identified

A

Failure diagnostics

33
Q

Provides recommended procedure for the repair crew to effect repairs

A

Recommendation of repair procedure

34
Q

_____ are those that result from some
assignable cause such as a change in raw material
properties

A

Systematic errors

35
Q

result from either an equipment failure or a human mistake

A

Aberrations (disorders)

36
Q

– functions:
▪Use the system’s available sensors to determine when a deviation or malfunction has occurred
▪Correctly interpret the sensor signal
▪Classify the error

A

Error detection

37
Q

possible strategies:
▪Make adjustments at end of work cycle
▪Make adjustments during current work cycle
▪Stop the process to invoke corrective action
▪Stop the process and call for help

A

Error recovery

38
Q

What are the Levels of Automation?

A
  1. Device level
  2. Machine level
  3. Cell or system level
  4. Plant level
  5. Enterprise level
39
Q

A level of Automation where actuators, sensors, and other hardware components to form individual control loops for the next level

A

Device level

40
Q

A level of automation where CNC machine tools and similar production equipment, industrial robots, material handling equipment

A

Machine level

41
Q

A level of automation which is manufacturing cell or system

A

Cell or system level

42
Q

A level of automation which is factory or production systems level

A

Plant level

43
Q

A level of automation which is corporate information system

A

Enterprise level

44
Q

Benefits of Automation

A
  • Increased capacity
  • Improved Quality
  • Reduced Cost
  • Skilled Trade Gap
  • Reduced Lead Time

Elective 1 (4 decks)

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