Chapter 3 Historical and Current Applications Flashcards
The scientific study of sound
Acoustics
A form of energy that is produced when a vibrating source causes molecules within a medium to move back and fourth
Sound
Who identified the pebble theory
Boethius
Who is the father of ultrasound
Abbe Lazzaro Spallanzani
The process whereby a material such as a crystal or element within an ultrasound transducer, generates electricity and changes shape when pressure is applied to it
Piezoelectric effect
What is another name for B-mode
Grayscale sonography
Motion mode documents the movement of structures within the body
M-mode
CW transducers may also be referred to as
Pedoff probes
Duplex imaging allows for the simultaneous viewing of structures in which mode
B-mode
This imaging combines B-mode, spectral, and color doppler
Triplex imaging
What type of frequency is collected by the transducer and used to create a crisper, higher resolution image
Harmonic
What offers realtime imaging in 3D
Four- dimensional ultrasound
The first use of diagnostic ultrasound can be traced back to who
George Ludwig
For abdominal sonography what transducer frequency would 1 use
frequency range between 2 and 5 MHz
What is the patient prep for abdominal imaging
NPO for at least 6 hours
The majority of small parts require use of what type of transducer
Linear
Sonography of the breast should be performed with
High resolution, real time linear array transducer with a frequency of at least 10 MHz
One of the most rapidly advancing applications of ultrasound in medicine is the use of sonography to evaluate the
Musculoskeletal system
What is the patient prep for an transabdominal pelvic sonogram
Filling of the urinary bladder often accompanied by drinking 32 oz of water an hour before the scheduled exam
What type of transducer would 1 use for transabdominal
3.5 MHz or higher
Who initially introduced pulsed-wave doppler
Baker
Which of the following is an advantage of sonohysterography compared to routine transvaginal sonography
1) Sonohysterography provides better resolution of the ovaries
2) Sonohysterography provides improved resolution of the endometrial cavity
3) Sonohysterography provides better visualization of ectopic pregnancies
4) Sonohysteropgrahy provides improved resolution of the uterine serosal layer
2) Sonohysterography provides improved resolution of the endometrial cavity
Who used ultrasound to detect submarines using a hydrophone that ultimately lead to SONAR
Langevin
What gland must be imaged with a transrectal transducer
Prostate
Which of the following would not usually require the use of a stand-off device
1) Thyroid sonogram
2) Renal sonogram
3) Breast sonogram
4) Splinter in the hand
2) Renal sonogram
Which of the following is not a current trend in abdominal sonography
1) use of contrast
2) Volumetric scanning
3) Elastography
4) Total body scanning
4) Total body scanning
A carotid sonogram is an example of what type of testing
Direct
Which of the following new technological advancements would encourage proper ergonomics in sonography
1) FAST
2) Therapeutic
3) Intravascular ultrasound
4) Miniaturization of equipment
4) Miniaturzation of equipment
Who is considered the “father of acoustics”
Mersenne
Who is associated with the use of the reflectoscope
Firestone
What specialty utilizes A- mode routinely
Opthalmic
What is the most common test performed by the echocardiographer
Transthoracic Echocardiogram
Who studied how bats use ultrasound to detect their prey
Spallanzani
Who is considered to be the “father of echocardiography”
Elder
Which of the following is not a manner in which 3D image is acquired
1) Free-hand
2) Mechanical transducer
3) Realtine multiplanar and volume scanning transducer
4) Perplexus technology
4) Perplexus technology
Breast sonography is preferred over mammo for patients under what age
30 years of age
Who is considered to be the “father of music”
Pythagoras
Who was the first to use ultrasound in medicine, when he imaged the lateral ventricle in the brain
Dussik
Which of the following can sound not propagate through
1) Human body
2) Water
3) Blood
4) Vacuum
4) Vacuum
Who was the first to demonstrate the reflections from a gallstone
Ludwig
