Chapter 3 Historical and Current Applications

Question 1

The scientific study of sound

Answer 1

Acoustics

Question 2

A form of energy that is produced when a vibrating source causes molecules within a medium to move back and fourth

Answer 2

Sound

Question 3

Who identified the pebble theory

Answer 3

Boethius

Question 4

Who is the father of ultrasound

Answer 4

Abbe Lazzaro Spallanzani

Question 5

The process whereby a material such as a crystal or element within an ultrasound transducer, generates electricity and changes shape when pressure is applied to it

Answer 5

Piezoelectric effect

Question 6

What is another name for B-mode

Answer 6

Grayscale sonography

Question 7

Motion mode documents the movement of structures within the body

Answer 7

M-mode

Question 8

CW transducers may also be referred to as

Answer 8

Pedoff probes

Question 9

Duplex imaging allows for the simultaneous viewing of structures in which mode

Answer 9

B-mode

Question 10

This imaging combines B-mode, spectral, and color doppler

Answer 10

Triplex imaging

Question 11

What type of frequency is collected by the transducer and used to create a crisper, higher resolution image

Answer 11

Harmonic

Question 12

What offers realtime imaging in 3D

Answer 12

Four- dimensional ultrasound

Question 13

The first use of diagnostic ultrasound can be traced back to who

Answer 13

George Ludwig

Question 14

For abdominal sonography what transducer frequency would 1 use

Answer 14

frequency range between 2 and 5 MHz

Question 15

What is the patient prep for abdominal imaging

Answer 15

NPO for at least 6 hours

Question 16

The majority of small parts require use of what type of transducer

Answer 16

Linear

Question 17

Sonography of the breast should be performed with

Answer 17

High resolution, real time linear array transducer with a frequency of at least 10 MHz

Question 18

One of the most rapidly advancing applications of ultrasound in medicine is the use of sonography to evaluate the

Answer 18

Musculoskeletal system

Question 19

What is the patient prep for an transabdominal pelvic sonogram

Answer 19

Filling of the urinary bladder often accompanied by drinking 32 oz of water an hour before the scheduled exam

Question 20

What type of transducer would 1 use for transabdominal

Answer 20

3.5 MHz or higher

Question 21

Who initially introduced pulsed-wave doppler

Answer 21

Baker

Question 22

Which of the following is an advantage of sonohysterography compared to routine transvaginal sonography

1) Sonohysterography provides better resolution of the ovaries
2) Sonohysterography provides improved resolution of the endometrial cavity
3) Sonohysterography provides better visualization of ectopic pregnancies
4) Sonohysteropgrahy provides improved resolution of the uterine serosal layer

Answer 22

2) Sonohysterography provides improved resolution of the endometrial cavity

Question 23

Who used ultrasound to detect submarines using a hydrophone that ultimately lead to SONAR

Answer 23

Langevin

Question 24

What gland must be imaged with a transrectal transducer

Answer 24

Prostate

Question 25

Which of the following would not usually require the use of a stand-off device 1) Thyroid sonogram 2) Renal sonogram 3) Breast sonogram 4) Splinter in the hand

Answer 25

2) Renal sonogram

Question 26

Which of the following is not a current trend in abdominal sonography 1) use of contrast 2) Volumetric scanning 3) Elastography 4) Total body scanning

Answer 26

4) Total body scanning

Question 27

A carotid sonogram is an example of what type of testing

Answer 27

Direct

Question 28

Which of the following new technological advancements would encourage proper ergonomics in sonography 1) FAST 2) Therapeutic 3) Intravascular ultrasound 4) Miniaturization of equipment

Answer 28

4) Miniaturzation of equipment

Question 29

Who is considered the "father of acoustics"

Answer 29

Mersenne

Question 30

Who is associated with the use of the reflectoscope

Answer 30

Firestone

Question 31

What specialty utilizes A- mode routinely

Answer 31

Opthalmic

Question 32

What is the most common test performed by the echocardiographer

Answer 32

Transthoracic Echocardiogram

Question 33

Who studied how bats use ultrasound to detect their prey

Answer 33

Spallanzani

Question 34

Who is considered to be the "father of echocardiography"

Answer 34

Elder

Question 35

Which of the following is not a manner in which 3D image is acquired 1) Free-hand 2) Mechanical transducer 3) Realtine multiplanar and volume scanning transducer 4) Perplexus technology

Answer 35

4) Perplexus technology

Question 36

Breast sonography is preferred over mammo for patients under what age

Answer 36

30 years of age

Question 37

Who is considered to be the "father of music"

Answer 37

Pythagoras

Question 38

Who was the first to use ultrasound in medicine, when he imaged the lateral ventricle in the brain

Answer 38

Dussik

Question 39

Which of the following can sound not propagate through 1) Human body 2) Water 3) Blood 4) Vacuum

Answer 39

4) Vacuum

Question 40

Who was the first to demonstrate the reflections from a gallstone

Answer 40

Ludwig