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Intro to Sonography and Patient Care > Chapter 3 Historical and Current Applications > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Historical and Current Applications Flashcards

1
Q

The scientific study of sound

A

Acoustics

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2
Q

A form of energy that is produced when a vibrating source causes molecules within a medium to move back and fourth

A

Sound

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3
Q

Who identified the pebble theory

A

Boethius

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4
Q

Who is the father of ultrasound

A

Abbe Lazzaro Spallanzani

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5
Q

The process whereby a material such as a crystal or element within an ultrasound transducer, generates electricity and changes shape when pressure is applied to it

A

Piezoelectric effect

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6
Q

What is another name for B-mode

A

Grayscale sonography

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7
Q

Motion mode documents the movement of structures within the body

A

M-mode

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8
Q

CW transducers may also be referred to as

A

Pedoff probes

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9
Q

Duplex imaging allows for the simultaneous viewing of structures in which mode

A

B-mode

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10
Q

This imaging combines B-mode, spectral, and color doppler

A

Triplex imaging

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11
Q

What type of frequency is collected by the transducer and used to create a crisper, higher resolution image

A

Harmonic

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12
Q

What offers realtime imaging in 3D

A

Four- dimensional ultrasound

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13
Q

The first use of diagnostic ultrasound can be traced back to who

A

George Ludwig

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14
Q

For abdominal sonography what transducer frequency would 1 use

A

frequency range between 2 and 5 MHz

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15
Q

What is the patient prep for abdominal imaging

A

NPO for at least 6 hours

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16
Q

The majority of small parts require use of what type of transducer

A

Linear

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17
Q

Sonography of the breast should be performed with

A

High resolution, real time linear array transducer with a frequency of at least 10 MHz

18
Q

One of the most rapidly advancing applications of ultrasound in medicine is the use of sonography to evaluate the

A

Musculoskeletal system

19
Q

What is the patient prep for an transabdominal pelvic sonogram

A

Filling of the urinary bladder often accompanied by drinking 32 oz of water an hour before the scheduled exam

20
Q

What type of transducer would 1 use for transabdominal

A

3.5 MHz or higher

21
Q

Who initially introduced pulsed-wave doppler

A

Baker

22
Q

Which of the following is an advantage of sonohysterography compared to routine transvaginal sonography

1) Sonohysterography provides better resolution of the ovaries
2) Sonohysterography provides improved resolution of the endometrial cavity
3) Sonohysterography provides better visualization of ectopic pregnancies
4) Sonohysteropgrahy provides improved resolution of the uterine serosal layer

A

2) Sonohysterography provides improved resolution of the endometrial cavity

23
Q

Who used ultrasound to detect submarines using a hydrophone that ultimately lead to SONAR

A

Langevin

24
Q

What gland must be imaged with a transrectal transducer

A

Prostate

25
Q

Which of the following would not usually require the use of a stand-off device

1) Thyroid sonogram
2) Renal sonogram
3) Breast sonogram
4) Splinter in the hand

A

2) Renal sonogram

26
Q

Which of the following is not a current trend in abdominal sonography

1) use of contrast
2) Volumetric scanning
3) Elastography
4) Total body scanning

A

4) Total body scanning

27
Q

A carotid sonogram is an example of what type of testing

A

Direct

28
Q

Which of the following new technological advancements would encourage proper ergonomics in sonography

1) FAST
2) Therapeutic
3) Intravascular ultrasound
4) Miniaturization of equipment

A

4) Miniaturzation of equipment

29
Q

Who is considered the “father of acoustics”

A

Mersenne

30
Q

Who is associated with the use of the reflectoscope

A

Firestone

31
Q

What specialty utilizes A- mode routinely

A

Opthalmic

32
Q

What is the most common test performed by the echocardiographer

A

Transthoracic Echocardiogram

33
Q

Who studied how bats use ultrasound to detect their prey

A

Spallanzani

34
Q

Who is considered to be the “father of echocardiography”

A

Elder

35
Q

Which of the following is not a manner in which 3D image is acquired

1) Free-hand
2) Mechanical transducer
3) Realtine multiplanar and volume scanning transducer
4) Perplexus technology

A

4) Perplexus technology

36
Q

Breast sonography is preferred over mammo for patients under what age

A

30 years of age

37
Q

Who is considered to be the “father of music”

A

Pythagoras

38
Q

Who was the first to use ultrasound in medicine, when he imaged the lateral ventricle in the brain

A

Dussik

39
Q

Which of the following can sound not propagate through

1) Human body
2) Water
3) Blood
4) Vacuum

A

4) Vacuum

40
Q

Who was the first to demonstrate the reflections from a gallstone

A

Ludwig

Intro to Sonography and Patient Care (13 decks)

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