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NASM > Chapter 3: EVIDENCE INFORMED PRACTICE > Flashcards

Chapter 3: EVIDENCE INFORMED PRACTICE Flashcards

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1
Q

Hypothesis

A

an explanation of something that’s used as basis of investigation and is based on evidence

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2
Q

Theory

A

a well supported statement/explanation of something incorporated by well supported hypothesis and scientific facts

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3
Q

Evidence Based Practice aka evidence-informed practice

A

the process where decisions in practice are based upon the most current and available scientific evidence

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4
Q

Peer Reviewed Scientific Research

A

scientific work, usually in the forms of written papers, that are reviewed and studied by other professional expertise/peers in the same area

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5
Q

Randomized trials

A

a method of research using a group of participants for experiment

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6
Q

Expert Opinions

A

thoughts, opinions of an expert within a field

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7
Q

Case study

A

a focused study of a subject (a person, group, community)

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8
Q

Clinical experience

A

experience a person gets from practicing in a clinical setting that uses applications, experiential information, and contexts

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9
Q

Scientific Method

A

a organized/systemized method of uncovering truths through series of steps implemented based on experimentation & investigation

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10
Q

Empirical Evidence

A

evidence based on experience, observation

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11
Q

State the steps of scientific method

A
  1. Identify Problem
  2. Formulate hypothesis
  3. Design experiment
  4. Collect & interpret data
  5. Accept hypothesis
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12
Q

What are the 3 pillars of evidence based practice?

A
  1. Scientific evidence
  2. Clinical experience/expertise
  3. Patient/client feedback (empirical evidence)
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13
Q

Filtered information

A
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14
Q

Unfiltered Information

A
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15
Q

Primary evidence

A

Evidence that reports the initial results of a study or experiment (usually includes randomized trials, cohorts, case studies etc)

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16
Q

secondary evidence

A

reports, compares on the primary evidence and can include narratives, additional explanations, reviews etc

17
Q

Hierarchy of evidence

A

ordering and organizing the relative strength of the evidence from studies

18
Q

Placebo

A

a substance that has no known effect and is used as a control in randomized trial

19
Q

Observational studies

A

A form of experiment/studies that observe a group of people over time (two factors: temporal, nature of the group they study)

20
Q

retrospective & cross-sectional & prospective studies

A

different forms of studies that look back/past & present & future in time
**Strongest evidence
1. prospective
2. Retro
3. Cross-sectional

21
Q

Cohort studies

A

a study method that follows a group of people to see if an event occurs or not (usually a health outcome or disease)

22
Q

Case- control study

A

a type of observational study that separates people at the start of the study by those who experience (case) the outcomes and those who don’t (control)

23
Q

Impact Factor

A

metric that SNCs can use to see how dependable, credible the sources/research studies are (shows the number of citations a journal received over time for the quality of the research)

24
Q

Citations

A

references to an article, paper, or a book

25
Q

List primary evidence & secondary evidence

A

Primary Evidence
- randomized trial
-observational study
-case study

Secondary evidence
-narrative review
-systematic review
-meta analyses

26
Q

Evidence-based practice

A

may be defined as a process whereby decisions in practice are based on the best available, most current, valid, and relevant evidence and in which the practitioner’s clinical experience and the needs and input from the client are incorporated.

**Scientific evidence makes up a large portion of evidence-based practice

27
Q

State the different types of scientific evidence

A

primary evidence
-randomized trials
-observational studies
-case studies

secondary evidence
-reviews of primary evidence
-meta analyses of research

28
Q

Clinical experience

A

built over time from experiences of SNCs and relies on synthesizing and analyzing information to make decisions

NASM (5 decks)

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