Chapter 3 - Energy Transformations Flashcards
what is an autotroph
An organism that can produce its own organic compounds
what is a heterotroph
An organism that obtains organic compounds from other organisms
what is a chemosynthetic autotroph
An organism which uses the oxidation of inorganic molecules to produce organic compounds.
what is photosynthesis
photosynthesis is the process where carbon dioxide and water are converted into glucose in the presence of sunlight.
what are the 2 types of respiration
anaerobic
aerobic
chemical formula for photosynthesis
6CO2 + 6H2O —> C6H12O6 + 6O2
chemical equation for aerobic respiration
6CO2 + C6H12O6 –> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP
in photosynthesis, where do the atoms of the H2O go
Hydrogen goes to glucose
oxygen is released into environment
what happens in the light dependent stage
H2O molecules are split into hydrogen and oxygen.
The hydrogen is transported to the next stage while the oxygen is released
what happens in the light independent stage
The CO2 molecules and newly formed H molecules form glucose.
what is the calvin cycle
a set of chemical reactions which occurs in the light independent stage of photosynthesis
what are the three steps of aerobic respiration
glycolysis
krebs cycle
electron transport
what is glycolysis
glycolysis is a complex set of chemical reactions which occurs in the cytosol of a cell. Basically it takes glucose and separates it into 2 pyruvate molecules and 2 Hydrogen atoms and also produces a small point of ATP
what is the chemical formula of pyruvate
C2H4O3
What is the krebs cycle
a set of chemical reactions which occurs in the matrix of the mitochondria of a cell. this uses the newly formed pyruvate molecules.
