Chapter 3 - Earthquakes Flashcards
What is the epicentre?
The epicentre is the place directly above the surface where the worst shocks happen.
What is the focus?
The focus is the place in the crust where the earthquake happens.
What are aftershocks?
Aftershocks are smaller shocks that happen after the earthquake. They often cause further damage to already weakened buildings.
What are seismic waves?
Seismic waves are the vibrations sent out by an earthquake. Seismographs are used to measure the vibrations made by earthquakes.
Why doe Japan experience so many earthquakes?
Japan experiences so many earthquakes because it is on the Pacific Ring of Fire.
In what year did Japan experience its most powerful earthquake?
In 2011 Japan experienced its most powerful earthquake ever, which registered 9.0 on the Richter scale. The epicentre was about 70 kilometres off the east coast of Japan. Here the Pacific Plate is colliding with the Eurasian plate and sinking under it.
Give three facts about this earthquake and tsunami.
- The tsunami killed nearly 25,000 people.
- The earthquake raised the seabed by about 8 metres.
- The tsunami waves were up to 40 metres high.
