Chapter 3: deductive v inductive arguments

Question 1

What is a deductive argument

Answer 1

Argument intended to provide logically conclusive support for its conclusion
No challenging it

Question 2

What is an inductive Argument

Answer 2

Argument intended to reach a conclusion that is probably, not conclusively, true.

Question 3

What kind of guarantee does a deductive argument provide when it is valid?

Answer 3

A deductive valid argument provides the guarantee of truth. This is because of its logical structure that guarantees the truth of the conclusion if the premises are true.

Question 4

Are inductive arguments truth preserving? Why or why not?

Answer 4

No. Because unlike deductive arguments, inductive arguments do not have the logical structure that guarantees the truth of the conclusion if the premises are true

Question 5

Can an inductive argument guarantee the truth of the conclusion if the premises are true? Why or why not?

Answer 5

No, because the structure of an inductive argument can only guarantee its conclusion is probably or likely to be true.

Question 6

What is the difference between a inductively strong argument and an inductively weak argument.

Answer 6

A strong inductive argument succeeds in providing probable and logical support for its conclusion. A weak inductive argument fails at this.

Question 7

True premises, valid argument?

Answer 7

Sound, valid, deductive

Question 8

False premises, Valid argument?

Answer 8

Not sound, valid, deductive

Question 9

True premises, invalid argument?

Answer 9

Cogent induction

Question 10

False premises, invalid argument?

Answer 10

Noncogent induction

Question 11

“valid/invalid” vs “true/false”

Answer 11

A premise can be true/false, but never valid/invalid. Arguments can be valid/invalid.