Chapter 3 Chemistry of Life Flashcards
Define matter
Materials or substance around us- any that has mass and occupies space is matter
Define elements
A pure substance that is composed of only one kind of atom. An element cannot be broken down or decomposed into 2 or more different substance.
What is an example of an element
Carbon
Oxygen
Compound
2 or more elements are joined to form chemical combination compounds can be broken down/ decomposed into elements
Mineral element in the cytoplasm
Major
Minor
Major are 11
Oxygen hydrogen carbon nitrogen
Minor 15
Iron manganese silicon
What are the properties of atoms
Atomic number- number of protons in the nucleus
Mass number - number of protons plus number of neutrons
Energy level- Octet rules
What is isotopes
Isotopes of an elements contain the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons
Atomic weight
Ionic bonds
Occurs when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another
Covalent bonds
Are formed when two atoms share a pair of electrons
Hydrogen bonds
Weaker forces- Requires less energy
Result from and it will charge distribution on molecules
Formed when electrons are are equally shared polar molecules
Occur between Hydrogen bonded to oxygen, N or F to an O, F or N
Is water polar or non polar
Polar
Chemical reactions
Synthesis reaction
Synthesis put together
A+B ➡️ AB
Chemical reactions
Decomposition reactions Breakdown of complex substance into two or more and some more substance broken energy is released
AB➡️ A+B+ Energy
Chemical reactions
Exchange reactions
AB+CD➡️ AD +CB
Chemical reaction
Reversible reactions
A+B🔁 AB
Metabolism
The set of chemical reactions that occur in living organisms in order to maintain life.
Catabolism/ hydrolysis
Chemical reactions that release energy from food molecules is the body’s way of supplying us up with energy for doing the Bricktown process resent the type of conclusion called hydrolysis. The catabolic reaction adds water To break down large molecules into smaller molecules
Anabolism/ dehydration synthesis
The many chemical reactions that builds food molecules into more complex chemical compound.
Dehydration synthesis removed of water
What’s the difference between Organic and inorganic
Inorganic do not contain c-c bonds/ C-H bonds
Organic compounds do contain C-C/ C-H
Properties of water Why the properties of water is an important organic molecule a living organism
Inorganic
Effective solvent in the body
Enables the body to maintain constant temperature
High heat vaporization
Electrolytes
Other than organic substance that include this is the song belong to a large group of compounds called
Acids
Substances that releases a hydrogen ion H+ when in solution- proton donors
Ph Scale
A pH of 7 Indicates neutrality Equal amounts of H and OH
A pH less than 7 Indicates acidity
A pH higher than 7 Indicates alkalinity
Buffers
The minimize changes the concentration of H and OH ions in our body fluids
