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Principle of Biology > Chapter 3 Chemical Building Blocks of Life > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Chemical Building Blocks of Life Flashcards

Monomers, polymers

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Organics

A

come from living things e.g. glucose, methane,

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2
Q

Inorganic

A

Everything comes from non living things e.g. CO2, H2O, H2SO4, NaCl

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3
Q

Carbon

A

the most important requirements for chemical building block of life

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4
Q

Supporting macromolecules

A

O, N, S, H, P

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5
Q

Biological Molecules

A

Carbohydrates, Nucleic Acids, Lipid, Protein

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6
Q

Dehydration

A

The process of forming of monomers into polymers by losing of water and adding energy to the system.

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7
Q

Hydrolysis

A

The process of breaking down the polymers into monomers by adding of water and losing of energy

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8
Q

Protein formation

A

Monomer: Amino acids
Semi polymer: polypeptide
Bonds: polypeptide bonds
Problem: protein denaturation

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9
Q

Protein Denaturation

A

The changes of protein structure caused by :

  • temp
  • pH
  • salinity, etc.
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10
Q

Nucleic acid

A
  • Monomers: nucleotide
  • Location: DNA & RNA
  • Bonds: H-Bond, Ester, Phosphodiester bonds
  • Sugars: Ribose (RNA), Dioxyribose (DNA)
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11
Q

DNA

A

a genetic materials carry genetic information

formed by dioxyribose sugar

Double helix structure

Nitrogenous base: purine (adenine, guanine​) & pirimidine (cytosine​, tyamine)

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12
Q

Nucleotides

A

Monomers of Nucleic acid composed by sugar, phosphate, nitrogenous bases

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13
Q

Phosphodiester bonds

A

The bond connected two pentose sugar in the ‘ibu tangga’.

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14
Q

H-bonds

A

The bonds connect double helix strands (in Purine and pyrimidine)

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15
Q

RNA

A

A Ribulose Nucleic Acid

  • no genetic materials
  • single strandnucleotides.stean
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16
Q

Lipids

A

Monomer: phospholipid
Semi polymer:
Structure: 1 glycerol + 3 fatty acids (triglycerides); C-H bonding.

17
Q

Kind of Lipids

A
  • saturated
  • unsaturated
  • polyunsaturated
18
Q

Phospholipids

A

a double /bilayer membrane consist of
• 2 fatty acid hydrophobic tails
• 1 glycerol
• 1 phosphate group head

19
Q

Carbohydrates

A 
Monomer: monosaccharide
Semi polymers: disaccharide
Polymers: polysaccharide
Function: energy storage (starch)
Found in: animal (glycogen-chitin) & plants (amylose-cellulose, amylopectin)
Structure: (CH2O)n

Principle of Biology (5 decks)

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