Chapter 3: Cells And Their Functions

Question 1

Which microscope has the highest magnification?

Answer 1

Transmission electron microscope

Question 2

Microscope most commonly used in labs

Answer 2

Compound light microscope

Question 3

Cell functions are carried out by specialized structures called ___

Answer 3

Organelles

Question 4

Major lipids in the plasma membrane

Answer 4

Phospholipids and cholesterol

Question 5

Part of a cell that contains cytosol and organelles

Answer 5

Cytoplasm

Question 6

The nucleus of a cell contains ___

Answer 6

Chromosomes

Question 7

Small body in the nucleus that assembles ribosomes

Answer 7

Nucleolus

Question 8

“Power plant” cell organelle

Answer 8

Mitochondria

Question 9

Which is not a basic function of proteins in the plasma membrane?

Answer 9

Diffusers

Question 10

“Protein factories” cell organelles

Answer 10

Ribosomes

Question 11

“Digestive bags” cell organelles

Answer 11

Lysosomes

Question 12

Network of membranes in the cytoplasm rough or smooth

Answer 12

Endoplasmic reticulum (er)

Question 13

Which is not an organelle that helps destroy harmful substances?

Answer 13

Prednisomes

Question 14

Which organelle helps convert nutrients into atp?

Answer 14

Mitochondria

Question 15

2 types of organelles used for motions

Answer 15

Cilia and flagellum

Question 16

Which term best describes the plasma membrane?

Answer 16

Selectively permeable

Question 17

Net movement of particles from a region of higher to lower concentration

Answer 17

Diffusion

Question 18

Osmosis is diffusion of water through channels called ____

Answer 18

Semipermeable membranes

Question 19

Active transport uses the chemical energy of ___ to move solutes though the plasma membrane

Answer 19

ATP

Question 20

Movement of materials onto a cell ___, movement of materials out in vesicles ____

Answer 20

Endocytosis, exocytosis

Question 21

Which is not an example of membrane transport processes that does not require cell energy?

Answer 21

Active transport

Question 22

Main difference between active and passive membrane transport is due to ____

Answer 22

Cellular energy requirements

Question 23

The process of diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane

Answer 23

Osmosis

Question 24

DNA is found in___, RNA is found in___

Answer 24

Nucleus, cytoplasm

Question 25

All cells besides sex cells are formed by___

Answer 25

Mitosis

Question 26

What must happen to DNA in a cell before mitosis can occur?

Answer 26

Replication of DNA

Question 27

Which phase is when DNA replication occurs between one mitosis and the next

Answer 27

Interphase

Question 28

The four phases of mitosis include prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and ____

Answer 28

Telophase

Question 29

Phase of mitosis when DNA is tightly wound into chromosomes

Answer 29

Prophase

Question 30

Phase of mitosis when chromosomes separate and move towards the opposite ends of the cell

Answer 30

Anaphase

Question 31

Phase of mitosis when chromosomes line up along the cell’s equator

Answer 31

Metaphase

Question 32

The study of cells is called____

Answer 32

Cytology

Question 33

Flattened sacs that process chemicals

Answer 33

Golgi apparatus

Question 34

Short, hairlike organelles on the free side of some cells for motion

Answer 34

Cilia

Question 35

Long, tail-like organelles that propel sperm cells

Answer 35

Flagella

Question 36

Structures that move particles to or from the plasma membrane

Answer 36

Vesicles

Question 37

Fluid in the cytoplasm between the nucleus and plasma membrane

Answer 37

Cytosol