Chapter 1: Human Science Review Flashcards
Body plane that divides the body into a left and right side
Sagittal plane
Body plane that divides the body into an anterior and posterior
Frontal (coronal) plane
Body plane that divides the body into a superior half and inferior half
Transverse plane
Closer to the midline
Medial
Away from the midline
Lateral
Closer to a point of reference
Proximal
Farther from a point of reference
Distal
Higher, or farther up
Superior
Lower, or farther down
Inferior
Back side of the body
Posterior (body direction), or dorsal
Front side of the body
Anterior (body direction), or ventral
Anatomical position
Body standing straight with palms facing forward
Dorsal body cavities
- cranial cavity
- spinal cavity
Ventral body cavities
- thoracic cavity
- diaphragm
- abdominal cavity
- pelvic cavity
- abdominopelvic cavity (abdominal and pelvic cavity together)
System that breaks down good into usable material for the body
Digestive system
System that regulates hormones in the body
Endocrine system
System used for reproduction
Reproductive system
System that delivers and moves important materials around the body, such as blood
Circulatory system
System that is responsible for pumping blood around the body, includes the heart
Cardiovascular system
System responsible for delivering oxygen to the body and discarding of carbon dioxide
Respiratory system
Outermost system of the body, includes hair skin and nails
Integumentary system
System that includes the bones and joints, involves movement and protection of the body
Skeletal system
System that uses signals for sensory perception and to communicate with the body
Nervous system
What is the body’s maintenance of internal balance?
Homeostasis
Fluid within cells
Intracellular fluid
Fluid between cells, includes blood plasma and lymph
Extracellular fluid
Reactions that break substances down, forms ATP
Catabolism
Reactions that build substances up, require ATP
Anabolism
All the processes that take place in your body, including catabolism and anabolism
Metabolism
What are the areas of the abdomen called and what are their names?
- quadrants
- Right lower quadrant
- left lower quadrant
- right upper quadrant
- left upper quadrant
Study of body structure
Anatomy
Study of body functions
Physiology
What keeps body systems in normal range and is critical for maintaining health?
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