chapter 3-cells Flashcards
nucleus
- largest organelle
- contains DNA-info that contains type of proteins made
- controls structure/function of cell
- nucleolus- helps make proteins
ribosomes
- amino acids that join together to make proteins
- either free in cytoplasm or attached to cell membrane
endoplasmic reticulum
- membrane provides surface for chemical reactions
- channels are for storing or transporting molecules
golgi body
- series of flattened membranes stacked upon one another
- modify proteins and packages them for secretion from the cell
lysosomes
-small spheres that contain enzymes able to break down materials taken into the cell and worn out organelles
mitochondria
-release energy for the cell through process of respiration
cilia and flagella
fine projections that beat back and forth to either move the cell or move substances over the surface of the cell
difference between cilia and flagella
cilia-small and numerous
flagella-long and 1or 2
cytoskeleton
microfilaments and microtubules that keep the shape of the cell and help with movement of organelles and materials
inclusions
- chemical substances, not part of the cell’s structure
- e.g. haemaglobin, red pigment in red blood cells
inputs to cell
water, oxygen, nutrients
outputs of cell
water, metabolic wastes, heat energy, carbon dioxide
e.g. of how shape can create larger surface area
mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum are folded instead of being big spheres
why are there lots of mitochondria in muscles
need energy
well developed golgi body in lungs?
need to get rid of wastes
