chapter 3-cells

Question 1

nucleus

Answer 1

• largest organelle
• contains DNA-info that contains type of proteins made
• controls structure/function of cell
• nucleolus- helps make proteins

Question 2

ribosomes

Answer 2

• amino acids that join together to make proteins

- either free in cytoplasm or attached to cell membrane

Question 3

endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 3

• membrane provides surface for chemical reactions

- channels are for storing or transporting molecules

Question 4

golgi body

Answer 4

• series of flattened membranes stacked upon one another

- modify proteins and packages them for secretion from the cell

Question 5

lysosomes

Answer 5

-small spheres that contain enzymes able to break down materials taken into the cell and worn out organelles

Question 6

mitochondria

Answer 6

-release energy for the cell through process of respiration

Question 7

cilia and flagella

Answer 7

fine projections that beat back and forth to either move the cell or move substances over the surface of the cell

Question 8

difference between cilia and flagella

Answer 8

cilia-small and numerous

flagella-long and 1or 2

Question 9

cytoskeleton

Answer 9

microfilaments and microtubules that keep the shape of the cell and help with movement of organelles and materials

Question 10

inclusions

Answer 10

• chemical substances, not part of the cell’s structure

- e.g. haemaglobin, red pigment in red blood cells

Question 11

inputs to cell

Answer 11

water, oxygen, nutrients

Question 12

outputs of cell

Answer 12

water, metabolic wastes, heat energy, carbon dioxide

Question 13

e.g. of how shape can create larger surface area

Answer 13

mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum are folded instead of being big spheres

Question 14

why are there lots of mitochondria in muscles

Answer 14

need energy

Question 15

well developed golgi body in lungs?

Answer 15

need to get rid of wastes

Question 16

lots of ribosomes in nerve cells?

Answer 16

need proteins

Question 17

formula for cellular respiration

Answer 17

glucose + oxygen = water + CO2 + energy

C6H12O6 + 6O2= 6H2O + 6CO2 + ATP

Question 18

magnification formula

Answer 18

occular x objective

Question 19

cell diameter formula

Answer 19

FOV / #of cells that fit across cell diameter

Question 20

what happens to field of view as magnification increases

Answer 20

it decreases

Question 21

high power

Answer 21

400

Question 22

medium power

Answer 22

100

Question 23

low power

Answer 23

40

Question 24

what are cells?

Answer 24

• basic building blocks
• have different structures & functions
• basic structural & functional units