Chapter 3 Cells

Question 1

Cell Membrane

Answer 1

Also called the plasma membrane, the cell membrane holds the cell together and it allows what enters and leaves the cell.

Question 2

Nucleus

Answer 2

The nucleus contains genetic information (DNA) and controls all protein synthesis.

Question 3

Cytoplasm

Answer 3

Gel located inside the cell but outside the nucleus.

Question 4

Organelles

Answer 4

Tiny organs suspended in the cytosol.

Question 5

Mitochondria

Answer 5

Site of adenosine triphosphate production (ATP). The power plant of the cell.

Question 6

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

Answer 6

Membranes that form channels for the flow of cellular substances such as protein.

Question 7

Rough ER

Answer 7

Contains ribosomes where protein is synthesized.

Question 8

Smooth ER

Answer 8

Site of lipid and steroid synthesis; synthesis of glycogen on the liver and skeletal muscles

Question 9

Golgi Apparatus

Answer 9

Finishes packaging protein for export.

Question 10

Ribosomes

Answer 10

Site of protein synthesis.

Question 11

Free Ribosomes

Answer 11

Ribosomes that float within the cytosol; make protein used within the cell

Question 12

Fixed Ribosomes

Answer 12

Ribosomes fixed to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), making it appear rough; concerned with the synthesis of protein that is exported

Question 13

Lysosomes

Answer 13

Intracellular house cleaning, phagocytosis, removal of damaged organelles. (the garbage man)

Question 14

Cytoskeleton

Answer 14

Microfilaments and microtubules that provide for intracellular shape, support, and movement.

Question 15

Centrioles

Answer 15

Paired, short, rod-shaped microtubules that form spindles and help separate the chromosomes during mitosis.

Question 16

Inclusion Bodies

Answer 16

Temporary insoluble material such as glycogen granules and pigments such as melanin.