Chapter 3 - Biology and Behavior

Question 0

What makes up the central nervous system?

Answer 0

The brain and spinal cord.

Question 1

What are the two parts of the nervous system?

Answer 1

Central and Peripheral

Question 2

What does the peripheral nervous system do?

Answer 2

Transmits info to and from the central nervous system.

Question 3

What are the two parts of the peripheral nervous system?

Answer 3

Autonomic and Somatic

Question 4

What does the autonomic nervous system do?

Answer 4

Automatically regulate glands, internal organs and blood vessels, pupil dilation, digestion and blood pressure.

Question 5

What does the somatic nervous system do?

Answer 5

Carries sensory info and controls movement of the skeletal muscles.

Question 6

What are the two parts of the autonomic nervous system?

Answer 6

Parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions.

Question 7

What is the spinal cord reflex?

Answer 7

The simplest neural circuit involving a sensory neuron, an interneuron and a motor neuron.

Question 8

What is a neuron?

Answer 8

The main signaling unit of the nervous system.

Question 9

What are the different parts of neurons?

Answer 9

1) Dendrites
2) Axons
3) Terminal branches of the axons
4) Myelin sheath
5) Neural impulse
6) Cell body

Question 10

What do dendrites do?

Answer 10

Receive messages from other cells.

Question 11

What are the axons?

Answer 11

Passes messages away from the cell body to other neurons, muscles or glands.

Question 12

What do the terminal branches of the axons do?

Answer 12

Create connections with other neurons.

Question 13

What does the neural impulse do?

Answer 13

It is the electrical impulse traveling through the axon.

Question 14

What is the myelin sheath?

Answer 14

Covers the axon of some neurons and speeds impulses.

Question 15

What do neurotransmitters do?

Answer 15

They excite or inhibit nearby neurons.

Question 16

What is the all-or-none principle?

Answer 16

States that a neuron either fires fully or not at all.

Question 17

What is the resting potential of a neuron before firing?

Answer 17

-70 mV

Question 18

What are synaptic vessels?

Answer 18

Located in the terminal button of sending neurons they release neurotransmitters into the synaptic space.

Question 19

What is the synaptic space?

Answer 19

The space between the terminal button of the sender to the dendrite of the receiver.

Question 20

What are the three parts of the brain?

Answer 20

1) Forebrain
2) Midbrain
3) Hindbrain

Question 21

What are the parts of the hindbrain?

Answer 21

Pons, medulla and cerebellum.

Question 22

What are the parts of the midbrain?

Answer 22

Tegmentum and tectum.

Question 23

What is the cerebral cortex used for?

Answer 23

Thought and planning.

Question 24

What are the two parts of the forebrain?

Answer 24

1) Cerebral Cortex | 2) Limbic System

Question 25

What is the thalamus?

Answer 25

Part of the forebrain that relays info from sensory organs to the cerebral cortex.

Question 26

What is the Mamillary Body?

Answer 26

Neurons that act as a relay station, transmitting info between fornix and thalamus.

Question 27

What is the hypothalamus?

Answer 27

Part of the forebrain that regulates the amount of fear, thirst, sexual drive and aggression we feel.

Question 28

What is the fornix?

Answer 28

Pathway of nerve fibers that transmits info from hippocampus to the Mamillary body.

Question 29

What is the cingulate cortex?

Answer 29

Primary cortical component of the Limbic system, involved in emotional and cognitive processing.

Question 30

What is the hippocampus?

Answer 30

Plays a role in our learning, memory and ability to compare sensory info to expectations.

Question 31

What is the pituitary gland?

Answer 31

Regulates other endocrine glands.

Question 32

What is the medulla?

Answer 32

Part of the hindbrain where nerves cross from one side to the other.

Question 33

What does the cerebellum do?

Answer 33

Part of the hindbrain that controls balance and maintains muscle coordination.

Question 34

What are the pons?

Answer 34

Part of the hindbrain that relays messages between the cerebellum and the cortex.

Question 35

What are the four lobes?

Answer 35

1) Frontal 2) Temporal 3) Parietal 4) Occipital

Question 36

What does the frontal love do?

Answer 36

Thought, planning and movement.

Question 37

What does the temporal lobe do?

Answer 37

Hearing and memory.

Question 38

What does the parietal lobe do?

Answer 38

Touch and spatial relations.

Question 39

What does the occipital lobe do?

Answer 39

Vision

Question 40

What does the sympathetic division do?

Answer 40

Prepares the body for action.

Question 41

What does the parasympathetic division do?

Answer 41

Returns the body to a state of rest.