Chapter 10 - Emotion and Motivation Flashcards
What did Darwin believe facial expressions were used for?
To communicate info about their internal state.
Valence
Refers to the positive and negative emotions we feel.
Activation
Indicates the emotional arousing state.
Arousal
Used to describe physiological activation.
What is the James-Lange Theory?
States that physical arousal of the sympathetic nervous system labels the emotion of fear.
Do facial expressions trigger emotions or emotions trigger facial expressions.
Facial expressions trigger emotions.
Name of few points of the Cannon-Bard Theory
- the mind is quick to experience emotion, the body is much slower
- different emotions often produce the same physical change
- this makes it difficult to quickly determine which emotion you are feeling
What does the amygdala do?
Processes the emotional significance of stimuli and generates immediate reactions.
Schacter and Singer Two-Factor Theory
Stated that to experience emotion one requires: 1) Physiological arousal 2) Cognitive appraisal
Drives
Psychological state that motivates an organism to satisfy a need. (internal version of incentives)
Incentives
External objects or goals that motivate behaviors. (external version of drives)
Need To Belong Theory
Need for interpersonal attachments has evolved for adaptive purposes.
Leptin
A hormone that travels to the hypothalamus to inhibit eating.
Ghrelin
Hormone that causes your appetite.
Yerkes-Dodson Law
Performance increases with arousal but only up to a point.
Loss of sexual desire in men may indicate low levels of what?
Testosterone.
Loss of sexual desire in men may indicate damage to what part of the brain?
Hypothalamus.
Sexual Strategies Theory
Males pick young and attractive mates. Females pick kind, dependable and successful mates.
Cognitive Appraisals
Peoples understandings of why they feel the way they do.
Name a few examples of primary emotions.
- anger
- fear
- sadness
- disgust
- happiness
- surprise
- contempt
Name a few examples of secondary emotions.
- remorse
- guilt
- submission
- shame
- anticipation
Primary emotions
- evolutionarily adaptive
- shared across cultures
- associated with specific physical states
Secondary emotions
Blends of primary emotions.
Main point of the Cannon-Bard Theory
The mind and body experience emotion independently. We experience emotion and the physical change at roughly the same time.
