Chapter 3 | Biological Interactions Flashcards
This occurs when there’s a limited resources such as food, living space, or mates
Competition
The art of living together
Symbiosis
It prevents two groups of organisms from occupying the same niche
Competition
A relationship that prevents one or a few aggressively colonizing species from multiplying and crowding out others and thus dominating a community
Predator-prey relationship
No two group of organisms can use exactly the same resources on exactly the same place at exactly the same time
Competitive exclusion
One group will be more efficient at what it does than the other and will have better success at survival and reproduction. Possible results of competition are local extinction of the less-successful competitor
Competitive exclusion
Both organisms benefit from the relationship
Mutualism
One organisms benefit from the relationship, whereas the other partner is neither harmed nor benefited
Commensalism
parasites benefits from the relationship, whereas the host is harmed.
Parasitism
Basic unit of the Biosphere
Ecosystem
The physical environment and biological communities interact to produce this stable system
Ecosystem
It maintains the processes and stability of the ecosystem
Cycle in abiotic and biotic features
All living organisms requires ___________ to live, grow, and reproduce
Energy
These are the organisms that contain special pigment molecules, such as chlorophyll, that captures energy from the sun
Producers
Process by which the energy of sunlight is captured and stored in organic molecules
Photosynthesis
Organisms that are able to produce their own food, as well as food for other organism.
Autotrophs or Producers
Producers that uses energy from chemical reactions to form organic molecules
Chemosynthetic organisms
Organisms that rely on other organisms for food
Consumers or Heterotrophs
Feed directly on producers
First order consumer (herbivores)
Carnivores that feed on herbivores
Secondary consumers
Carnivores that feed on other carnivores
Tertiary consumer
Consumers that feed both on carnivores and producers
Omnivores
Organisms that feed on detritus, organic matter such as animal waste and decaying matter
Detritivores
Organisms that breaks down the tissue of dead organisms and help to recycle nutrients
Decomposers
Complex feeding system network
Food web
producers and consumers are linked together to form the feeding relationship
Food chain
it represents an enormous supply of energy for marine organisms
Detritus
major sources of detritus
Decaying plant and algal matter that is not consumed
Detritus is an important food source for ________ bacteria and ______plakton
Pelagic bacteria and some Zooplankton
The percentage of energy that is taken in as a food by one trophic level and passed on as food to the next higher trophic level is called _____________
Ecological efficiency
It is the energy storing level in a food chain
Trophic levels
A diagram of Flow of energy from one trophic level to another
Energy pyramid
