Chapter 3 - Amount of Substance Flashcards
How many particles in a mole?
6.02 x 10^23 (Avogadro constant)
This is the number of particles in 12g of Carbon-12
What is molar mass?
Molar mass gives the mass in grams in each mole of the substance
What is the equation for moles?
moles (mol) = mass (g) / Molar mass (g/mol)
What is an empirical formulae?
It is the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms in a compound.
What is the equation for moles of gas at RTP?
At 298K and 100kPa
moles (mol) = volume of gas (dm^3) / 24 dm^3
What is the ideal gas equation?
pV = nRT
p = pressure (Pa)
V = volume (m^3)
n = moles (mol)
R = ideal gas constant (8.314 J mol^-1 K^-1)
T = temperature (K)
Convert cm^3 to m^3
x 10^-6
Convert dm^3 to m^3
x 10^-3
Convert degrees C to K
+273
Convert kPa to Pa
x 10^3
Convert 1atm to kPa and Pa
100 kPa or 100000 Pa
What is the molecular formula?
The number of atoms of each element in a specific molecule.
e.g. O2
What does anhydrous mean?
A substance that does not contain water that is often crystalised
What does hydrated mean?
A compound that contains water molecules and is part of the crystalline structure.
What is a limiting reagent?
A product that is not in excess so will be completely used up first and stop the reaction.
Why is it important for reactions to have high atom economy?
More sustainable
Means that toxic/unwanted products aren’t released that could be potentially toxic to the environment
Also excess energy isn’t used to produce unwanted products
