Chapter 3: Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins Flashcards
1
Q
Catalysis
A
Regulate metabolism of DNA, proteins, lipids, sugars, others
2
Q
Regulate
A
Hormones, kinases
3
Q
Transport
A
Hemoglobin, pumps, microtubule network
4
Q
Structure
A
Collagen (connective tissue), keratin (hair, nails, feathers, horns)
5
Q
Motion
A
Actin, myosin
6
Q
Building blocks of protein
A
Amino acids
7
Q
All amino acids are chiral expect …
A
Glycine
8
Q
Fibrous proteins
A
- Long and narrow
- Structural
- Insoluble in water
- Repetitive amino acid sequence
- Less sensitive to changes in heat
- Ex. Collagen, myosin, actin
9
Q
Globular proteins
A
- Rounded/spherical
- Funstional
- Soluble in water
- Irregular amino acid sequence
- Sensitive too changes in heat
- ex. Catalase, haemogoblin, insulin
10
Q
Collagen
A
Multiple alpha helices crossed linked with
11
Q
X-Ray crystallization
A
Pros:
- No size limit
- Well established
Cons:
- Difficult for membrane proteins
- Limited movement
- Cannot see hydrogens
12
Q
NMR
A
Pros: -No need to crystallize the protein -carried out in solution -can see many hydrogens Cons: - Difficult for insoluble proteins -Works best with small proteins
13
Q
Hydrophobic effect
A
important for protein folding
14
Q
Ribonuclease refolding experiement
A
The sequence alone determines the native conformation.
15
Q
Protein folding
A
Always go to its lower energy state
