Chapter 3 Flashcards
autoshaping
sign tracking
backward conditioning
a procedure in which the CS is presented shortly after the US on each trial
compound-stimulus test
A test procedure that identifies a stimulus as a conditioned inhibitor if that stimulus reduces the responding elicited by a conditioned excitatory stimulus. Also called summation test
conditional or conditioned response (CR)
The response that comes to be made to the CS as a result of classical conditioning
conditional or conditioned stimulus (CS)
A stimulus that does not elicit a particular response initially, but comes to do so as a result of becoming associated with an US
conditioned suppression
Suppression of ongoing behavior (e.g., drinking or lever pressing for food) produced by the presentation of a CS that has been conditioned to elicit fear through association with an aversive US.
conditioning trial
a training episode involving presentation of a CS with (or without) a US
CS-US interval
same as interstimulus interval
evaluative conditioning
Changing the hedonic value or liking of an initially neutral stimulus by having that stimulus associated with something that is already liked or disliked.
explicitly unpaired control
A procedure in which both CS and US are presented, but with sufficient time between them so that they do not become associated with each other.
goal tracking
Conditioned behavior elicited by a CS that consists of approaching the location where the US is usually presented.
inhibitory conditioning
A type of classical conditioning in which the CS becomes a signal for the absence of the US.
interstimulus interval
the amount of time that elapses between the start of the CS and the start of the US during a classical conditioning trial. (CS-US interval)
intertrial interval
amount of time between 2 successive trials
latency
The time elapsed between a stimulus (or the
start of a trial) and the response that is made to the
stimulus.
lick-suppression procedure
A procedure for testing fear conditioning in which presentation of a fear-conditioned CS slows down the rate of drinking.
long-delayed conditioning
A conditioning procedure in which the US occurs more than several minutes after the start of the CS, as in taste-aversion learning.
magnitude of a response
a measure of the size, vigor, or extent of a response
object learning
Learning associations between different stimulus features of an object, such as what it looks like and how it tastes.
probability of a response
The likelihood of making the response, usually represented in terms of the percentage of trials on which the response occurs.
pseudo-conditioning
Increased responding that may occur to a stimulus whose presentations are intermixed with presentations of a US in the absence of the establishment of an association between the stimulus and the US.
random control procedure
A procedure in which the CS and US are presented at random times with respect to each other.
retardation of acquisition test
a test procedure that identifies a stimulus as a conditioned inhibitor if that stim is slower to acquire excitatory properties than a comparison stim
short-delayed conditioning
A classical conditioning
procedure in which the CS is initiated shortly before
the US on each conditioning trial.
sign tracking
Movement toward and possibly contact with a stimulus that signals the availability of a positive reinforcer, such as food. Also called autoshaping.
simultaneous conditioning
A classical conditioning procedure in which the CS and the US are presented at the same time on each conditioning trial.
summation test
compound-stimulus test
temporal coding hypothesis
The idea that Pavlovian conditioning procedures lead not only to learning that the US happens but exactly when it occurs in relation to the CS. The CS represents (or codes) the timing of the US.
test trial
A trial in which the CS is presented without the US. This allows measurement of the CR in the absence of the UR.
trace conditioning
A classical conditioning procedure in which the US is presented after the CS has been terminated for a short period.
trace interval
the interval between the end of the CS and the start of the US in trace-conditioning trials
UR/unconditioned response
response that occurs to a stimulus without the necessity of prior training
US/unconditioned stimulus
stimulus that elicits a particular response without the necessity of prior training
