Chapter 3 Flashcards
What is the structural support in a frame structure
similar to?
Skeleton
Which are loads that involve motion?
Dynamic loads
Which is the primary concern when designing a building to
withstand the force of the wind?
Direct pressure
Which type of interior force tends to slide one plane of
material past an adjacent plane
Shear
What are the primary stresses created within a column?
Compressive
At what point along the beam will the compression and
tension forces be equal to zero?
Middle
What shape will a cable used to support loads over a
distance assume?
Parabola
What shape are the units of a truss?
Triangle
What is the pressure exerted by the soil against the
foundation?
Active soil pressure
Which of the following is an accurate description of
negative pressure created on a building by wind?
Suction effect produced on the downwind side of the
building resulting in an outward pressure
What are the forces that resist the applied loads?
Reactions
Which portions of the beam do most of the work of
resisting bending?
Top and Bottom
What type of load will water from fire fighting operations
add to the building?
Live load
Which characteristic distinguishes a membrane “structure”
from a simple tent?
Permanence
Which is the impact effect that the wind has on a
building?
Direct pressure
Which type of load creates a twisting effect that creates
shear stresses in a material?
Torsional
Which material is NOT used to construct an arch?
Timbers
Which is of particular concern when a building has
projections such as canopies or parapets?
Clean-off effect
Which structural element is designed to control vibration?
Dampening mechanisms
Which is a structural member that can carry loads
perpendicular to its longitudinal dimension?
Beam
What is the most critical aspect in engineering design?
Type and magnitude of the forces the structure will be
subjected to
Which type of material can be used to construct cables
when weight is NOT a factor?
Steel
Which change the fundamental vibration frequency of the
building?
Elastometric bearings
What is the soil pressure at the top of the foundation?
0
Which phenomenon associated with earthquakes results in
shifting of foundations and serious structural damage?
Soil liquefaction
Which material is the framework of the permanent membrane
structure most commonly made from in Canada and the US?
Steel
What is the weight of any permanent part of the building?
Dead load
Which type of beam will maintain its load carrying
capabilities longer under fire conditions?
Restrained
In which type of structure are slab and column frames most
frequently encountered?
Concrete
Which forces are developed by earthquakes?
Seismic
Up to what spacing can be seen with post and beam framing?
24 inches (600 mm)
What types of loads are the wall structures of bearing
walls subjected to?
Compressive
Which of the following are truss structures that are
developed in three dimension?
Space frames
What are the diagonal members of a truss called?
Web members
Which type of forces are produced in a structural member
when it is twisted?
Torsion
Which type of interior force tends to pull a material
apart?
Tension
What does the severity of the force exerted on the
building during an earthquake depend upon most?
acceleration
What is a load applied to the center of the cross-section
of a structural member and perpendicular to the cross
section?
Axial
Which part of the structure is usually provided with a
hinged connection to allow for slight movement between the
two halves of the frame in a single-story, gabled roof, and
rigid frame structure?
Peak of the roof
Which of the following are structural members designed to
support an axial compressive load?
Column
What is the force of gravity equal to?
Object’s weight
Which type of load produces
Concentrated load
At how many points along the beam is the cantilever beam
supported?
one
Which material is more commonly used when constructing the
stud wall?
Steel
Which structural member is designed to carry a load across
distances?
Arch
Which is the most significant force when the ground moves
beneath a building during an earthquake?
C
In which part of the building is a truss used?
Roof
Which type of load can rain and snow be considered?
Live load
What is any effect that a structure must be designed to
resist?
Load
What is the condition that exists when the support
provided by a system is equal to the applied loads?
Equilibrium
What type of support does the bearing wall provide?
Lateral support to the structure along the direction of
the wall
What shape are the units of a truss?
Triangle
What types of loads are the wall structures of bearing
walls subjected to?
Compressive
Which type of interior force tends to slide one plane of
material past an adjacent plane?
Shear
Which is the most significant force when the ground moves
beneath a building during an earthquake?
Horizontal
Which are loads that involve motion?
Dynamic loads
What type of vibration motion can be produced by an
earthquake?
Three-dimensional
