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Massage Review > Chapter 3-8 Test > Flashcards

Chapter 3-8 Test Flashcards

1
Q

Physiology

A

the study of the functions of the body

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2
Q

Histology

A

the study of tissue

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3
Q

Logical order for learning anatomy

A

learn the chemistry of the body - the body’s cellular structure - the major systems of the body

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4
Q

The basic unit of life is …

A

the cell

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5
Q

A collection of tissues having a specific function is …

A

an organ

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6
Q

Sagittal plane

A

Divides the body into left and right sections

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7
Q

Transverse plane

A

Divides the body into upper and lower sections (also called Horizontal plane)

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8
Q

Coronal Plane

A

Divides the body into anterior and posterior positions (also called frontal plane)

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9
Q

A marked increase in symptoms or severity of disease

A

Exacerbation

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10
Q

ad-

A

toward

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11
Q

chondro-

A

cartilage

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12
Q

ergo-

A

work

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13
Q

eryth-

A

red

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14
Q

myo-

A

muscle

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15
Q

viscero-

A

organ

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16
Q

-algia

A

pain

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17
Q

Trace elements

A

Aluminum, boron, chromium, cobalt, copper, fluorine, manganese, molybdenum, selenium, silicon, tin, vanadium, and zinc

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18
Q

electrolytes

A

substances that can break apart into two or more ions when placed in water

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19
Q

main electrolytes in human body

A

calcium, chloride, iodine, magnesium, potassium, bicarbonate, and sodium

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20
Q

pH scale

A

0-14: 0-7 Acid and 7-14 Base

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21
Q

pH in in a body in a perfect state of balance

A

7.35 - 7.45

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22
Q

Free radicals

A

reactive molecules the body produces as a result of metabolic processes or disease.

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23
Q

Anatomy

A

the study of the structure of the body

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24
Q

DNA

A

(deoxyribonucleic acid) the genetic instructions that pass from generation to generation

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25
of chromosomes in the human genome
23 pairs
26
RNA
(ribonucleic acid) nucleic acid found in all living cells that aids in transfer of information from the DNA to the protein-forming system of the cell
27
Cell definition
the smallest, membrane-enclosed compartment that can sustain life independent of other entities
28
Chromosome definition
the thread-like structure found in the nucleus of a cell that contains DNA and proteins. Chromosomes come in pairs, and a normal human cell contains 46 chromosomes (23 pairs)
29
DNA definition
a molecule of the cell where genetic information is encoded
30
Organelle definition
a specialized structure within cells that performs a specific function
31
Osmosis definition
the movement of solvent through a semipermeable membrane
32
Ribosome definition
a cellular organelle; a component of RNA involved in synthesizing proteins
33
Epidermis
the thin outer layer of the skin
34
dermis
deeper and thicker mid layer of skin composed of 3 types of connective tissue
35
hypodermis
also called subcutaneous - deepest layer of skin containing adipose (fat) tissue and larger blood vessels that supply the skin
36
Dermatitis
inflammation of the skin
37
Bulla
large blister filled with serous fluid, as in dermatitis or second-degree burns
38
immovable joints
synarthrotic joints like in the skull
39
joints with limited movement
amphiarthrotic or cartilaginous joints like the pubic bones and the sacroiliac
40
Freely movable joints
Diarthrotic joints or synovial joints like the hips or fingers
41
ball and socket joints
one surface spherical and the other cup-shaped allowing movement in all directions like hip and shoulder
42
hinge joint
one surface convex and the other concave allowing them to fit together like a clasp as the elbow and knee
43
Ellipsoid joints
an oval bone projection that fits into a rough elliptical cavity of another bone making movement on two planes possible as the atlas-occipital where the head attaches to the body
44
Foramen
an opening for nerves or other tissue to pass through, such as the vertebral foramen
45
Fossa
a cavity or slight depression, such as the temporal fossa on the skull
46
groove
a furrow or channel, such as the laminar groove
47
meatus
a natural passage or canal, such as the external auditory meatus
48
Sinus
a cavity within an organ or area, such as the nasal sinus
49
Kyphosis
a posterior curvature of the thoracic spine, also called hunchback
50
Lordoscoliosis
a combination of a posterior curvature of the lumbar area and a lateral curvature
51
Lordosis
an anterior curvature of the lumbar area of the spine, also called swayback
52
scoliosis
a lateral curvature of the spine
53
Distal
away from the center of the body or from the point of attachment
54
Proximal
Nearer to the center of the body or point of attachment
55
Order for body organization
atom - molecule - organelle - cells - tissue - organs - systems - body
56
3 types of tissue
connective tissue - muscle tissue - epithelial tissue
57
cranial
pertaining to the skull
58
dorsal
the back or posterior side
59
stoma
opening to the outside of the body (ex. colostomy bag)
60
diaphragm
main muscle for respiration that expands the thoracic cavity for the lungs during inspiration
61
adipose tissue
loose connective tissue known as fat
62
tinea
fungal infection - ringworm
63
Orthotic
custom made insert fitted into shoes to support the foot and realign foot joints while standing, walking, or running
64
Epicondylitis
Tennis elbow - irritation of the tissue connecting the forearm muscle to the elbow
65
Hyoid bone
Supports the tongue - a horseshoee-shaped bone situated in the anterior midline of the neck between the chin and thyroid cartilage at the base of the mandible
66
sutures
Either stitches holding together the edges of a wound or surgical incision or seam-like immovable junction between two bones as in the skull bones

Massage Review (7 decks)

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