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Lifespan Development > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

secretes hormones that prepare the lining of the uterus to receive a fertilized ovum

A

corpus luteum

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2
Q

During which prenatal development period does the zygote form (conception) and the blastocyst implant to the uterine wall (implantation)?

A

germinal period

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3
Q

cells on the inside of the blastocyst, become the new organism

A

embryoblast

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4
Q
  • forms amnion, which encloses the developing organism in amniotic fluid to keep its temperature constant and provide cushion
  • becomes structures that provide protective covering and nourishment
A

trophoblast

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5
Q

contains two parts with cellular differentiation

A

blastocyst

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6
Q

As many as 30% of zygotes don’t survive the _______ period.

A

implantation

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7
Q

Cells of the trophoblast form the ________.

A

chorion

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8
Q

surrounds the amnion; contains villi that burrow into the uterine wall so that the placenta can begin developing

A

chorion

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9
Q

permits oxygen and food to reach the developing organism and waste products to be carried away

A

placenta

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10
Q

connects the placenta to the baby

A

umbilical cord

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11
Q

What is the prenatal developmental period where the groundwork is laid for all body structures and internal organs?

A

embryonic period

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12
Q

The embryo differentiates into what three layers?

A

ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm

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13
Q

The neural tube (primitive spinal cord), nervous system, skin, hair, and sweat glands develop from which embryonic layer?

A

ectoderm

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14
Q

Bones, muscles, parts of the heart, and other organs develop from which embryonic layer?

A

mesoderm

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15
Q

Parts of organs, the digestive tract, respiratory system, and urinary tract develop from which embryonic layer?

A

endoderm

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16
Q

What is the prenatal developmental period that consists of continued organ development and tremendous growth?

A

fetal period

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17
Q

During what trimester can you determine the sex of the baby?

A

first trimester

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18
Q

During what trimester does the baby develop vernix and lanugo?

A

second trimester

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19
Q

During what trimester can the mom feel the baby’s movements?

A

second trimester

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20
Q

During what trimester are most organs well developed and most neurons in place?

A

second trimester

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21
Q

What is the point at which the baby can first survive?

A

22-26 weeks

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22
Q

When can the baby habituate to distinguish tones and rhythms of different voices and sounds?

A

third trimester

23
Q

chromosomal or genetic abnormalities passed from mom to baby are an example of _______.

A

nature

24
Q

maternal behaviors or environmental conditions that influence the baby are examples of _______.

A

nurture

25
Q

any environmental agent harming the embryo/fetus

A

teratogen

26
Q

The effect of teratogens depends on what four factors?

A
  • level (dosage)
  • timing of exposure (sensitive periods)
  • heredity
  • presence of additional negative factors (poor medical care, poor nutrition)
27
Q

The _______ period is the time when serious defects are most likely to occur/teratogens are most harmful because the foundations for all body parts are being laid down [sensitive periods].

A

embryonic

28
Q

prescription drugs, illegal drugs, tobacco, alcohol, radiation, environmental pollution, infectious diseases (HIV, AIDS), maternal nutrition, maternal stress, and maternal age are all examples of _____________.

A

teratogens

29
Q

What is the prenatal effect of smoking tobacco?

A

low birth weight

30
Q

_______ babies are born several weeks (< 37 weeks) before due date.

A

Preterm

31
Q

_______ babies are below expected weight considering length of pregnancy.

A

Low birth weight

32
Q

_______ babies usually have more serious problems and probably experienced inadequate nutrition before birth.

A

Low birth weight

33
Q

Isolettes and kangaroo care are interventions for ______ babies.

A

preterm

34
Q

unlearned, automatic responses to stimuli that have survival value (e.g., jerk hand from stove) and encourage gratifying interaction (e.g., baby grabbing finger)

A

reflexes

35
Q

turns head toward direction of cheek touch

A

root reflex

36
Q

touch to roof of infant’s mouth triggers sucking

A

suck reflex

37
Q

move head back and extend their arms and legs in response to startle

A

moro reflex

38
Q

when baby’s neck is turned, same arm stretches, opposite bends

A

tonic neck reflex

39
Q

stroking palm causes fingers to close around object

A

grasp reflex

40
Q

when bottom of foot stroked, toes fan out

A

babinski reflex

41
Q

when held upright over ground, “steps” appear

A

step reflex

42
Q

Which state of arousal is vital for central nervous system growth?

A

REM sleep

43
Q

Newborn spends more time in _____ sleep than they ever will again.

A

REM

44
Q

Abnormal crying is called ______.

A

colic

45
Q

What is the least developed of babies’ senses?

A

vision

46
Q

Babies focus on ____ and _____, not color.

A

light, dark

47
Q

Babies prefer to look at ________ stimuli.

A

colored

48
Q

Babies can focus _____.

A

8-10 inches; 20/400

49
Q

______ and ______ are fully developed at birth.

A

Hearing, smell

50
Q

Babies prefer ____-pitched voices and attend to conversation ______.

A

higher, volume

51
Q

Babies prefer ______ to sour or bitter and _____ _____ to formula.

A

sweet, breast milk

52
Q

Babies have a smell preference for ________.

A

their own mother

53
Q

Babies prefer what kind of touch?

A

constriction, security

Lifespan Development (6 decks)

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