Chapter 3 Flashcards
What was the first English settlement in America?
Roanoke
Who established Roanoke?
Sir Walter Raleigh
What was the word left behind on Roanoke Island that John White saw when he returned?
“Croatoan”
What are documents that gave rights to establish settlements from King James I?
Charters
What is a joint-stock company?
Investors buy stock to help set the settlement up and once profits are reached, the investors get a percentage of the profits of the settlement
What was the settlement established by the Virginia Company?
Jamestown
Who was the first governor of the Jamestown settlement?
Captain John Smith
What was the time period called when the Powhatan stopped providing food for the colonists?
“The Starving Time”
What crop saved Jamestown?
Tobacco
Who married the daughter of Chief Powhatan, Pocahontas?
John Rolfe
What was the legislative assembly of Jamestown?
The House of Burgesses
What was the official Church of England after the Protestant Reformation?
The Anglican Church
Who were the Protestants who wanted to reform the Anglican Church?
Puritans
Who were the Protestants who wanted to leave and set up their own churches?
Separatists
Who were the separatists who came to the colonies for religious freedom?
The Pilgrims
What was the name of the ship the Pilgrims came to America on?
The Mayflower
What percentage of Pilgrims passed away after their first winter?
50%
Who were the two people who showed the Pilgrims how to grow crops and where to hunt and fish?
Squanto and Samoset
What Native American group participated in the First Thanksgiving?
Wampanoag
Who was the first leader of the Pilgrims and wrote the book Of Plymouth Plantation?
Bradford
What was the Puritan society that was based on the Bible?
Massachusetts Bay Colony
Who was the Puritan that was the governor of the Mass. Bay Colony?
John Winthrop
What happened during the Salem Witch Trials?
A series of hearings and prosecutions of people accused of witchcraft where many who were falsely accused, were killed
What city and colony did Thomas Hooker establish?
Hartford, Connecticut
What was special about the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut?
It was the 1st written constitution
What was the name of the Dutch Colony in North America?
New Netherlands
What was the main settlement of the Dutch colony?
New Amsterdam on Manhattan Island
After the British take over this Dutch colony what was its name changed to?
New York City
What was the name of the colony founded by William Penn?
Pennsylvania
What religious belief did William Penn follow that was known to be tolerant of other people’s views?
Quakers
What is a pacifist?
People who refuse to fight in wars or use force
Quakers were much more accepting of what two groups of people than others in the colonies at this time?
Women and NA’s
What was the economy of the Southern Colonies driven by?
Plantations
What were indentured servants?
Laborers under contract to an employer in exchange for their transportation, food, and lodging
What colony was founded by George Calvert?
Maryland
What law granted Maryland residents the right to worship freely?
The Act of Toleration
What is the cultural boundary between the Northern and Southern Colonies?
The Mason-Dixon Line
Who led a rebellion and was called “the greatest rebel that ever was in Virginia”?
Nathaniel Bacon
Who was the founder of the colony of Georgia?
James Oglethorpe
What was the main reason for the creation of Georgia?
It was set up as a buffer state between the stronger English colonies and Spanish attacks and as a place where English senators and the lower class could get a fresh start
What was the colony founded in New France?
New Orleans
Which country had the best relations with the Native Americans at this time?
New France
