Chapter 3 Flashcards
Nutrition
The process in which animals eat and use food
Proper nutriton increases
Efficency and rate of gain
If needs are not met
Animals will not grow
Animals can get sick
Animal may die
Nutrient
A substance that is necessary for an organism to live and grow
Ration
Total amount of feed that an animal has in a 24 hour period
Balanced ration
A ration that contains all the nurtients that an animal needs in proper rations
6 nutrients
Water, carbohydrates, lipids, protiens, minerals, vitamins
What is the most abundant compund in the world
Water
Animals must take in frequent intakes of what to live
Water
What percent of the body weight is water
75
Bloodstream needs what for circulation
Liquids
What system needs mostiure to break down nutrients and move food
Digestive
Water is needed to produce?
Milk
What does water do for a cell
Provides it with a shape
What helps maintain the body temp.
Water
Water flushes the body of
Waste and toxic material
How much water lose can kill you
20%
How many pounds of water do they need to consume soild food
3
What are carbohydrates main source
Energy
What are the compunds for carbohydrates
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
Carbs include
Sugars starches cellulose
Where do carbs come from
Plants
Carbs are generally found in
Grains, wheat, oats, barely
Types of sugars
Monosaccarides, disaccharides
What are monosaccharides
Simple sugars, gluclose, fructose, galacostose
What are dissaccarides
Surcasoe lactose
Fats are a group of organic compunds called
Lipids
Fats are found in
Plants and animals
Fats provide and store what
Energy
What are fatty acids necassary for
Production of hormones
What is the most important sources of fats
Grains that contai oils
What is the largest and most costly nutirent in the rations
Protiens
Protiens are composed of
Amino acids
Amino acids do what
Muscle production and tissue development
Enzymes are composed of
Protiens
Protein can be used to supply what
Energy
What animals need more protiens
Young, and lacating
How many different types of amino acids
23
How many essential
10
How many nonessentail
13
What is crude protien content
Total amount in food
What is digestable protien
Protiens that can be digested
About how much cruse protien
50-80%
Protien sources
Animal, slaughterhouse by products, dried fish meat, plant
Superior to animal sources
Cottonseed meal,
Why is nurtition important?
1) need to live and grow properly
2) requirerments vary with species
3) poor nutrients can result in slow growth, lower production, poor health
4) want fast growth at the lowest cost
5) want animals to stay healthy and produce profit effeciently
Is a mineral inorganic or organic
Inorganic
Aid in the construction of
Muscles, organs, blood cells, enzymes
How are minerals feed
Chemical form, mineral box, salt block
Vitamins are considered
Micronutrients
Essential for the body process of
Health, growth, production, reproducing
Vitamin A
Fat soluble
Converted from carotene
Vitamin D
Fat soluble
Vitmin E
Fat soluble
Vitamin K
Fat soluble
Digestive tract is also know as
Alimentary canal
Monogastric process
Mouth Esophagus Stomach Small intestine Duodenum Jejunum Ileum Large intestine: cecum, colon rectum
Order of ruminate
Rumen reticulum omasum abomasum
Rumen
Papilla
Reticulum
Many layers
Omasum
Honeycomb
Abomasum
Liquid
