Chapter 3 Flashcards
Cognitive assessment measures are usually used to Answers: test theories about how people think. identify psychopathology. explore the projective hypothesis. measure people's intelligence.
test theories about how people think.
PET and MRI are specific types of Answers: neuropsychological tests. projective tests. brain imaging tests. personality inventories.
brain imaging tests.
What behavioral assessment procedure is associated with the most reactivity? Answers: Self-monitoring Personality inventory Projective test Structured clinical interview
Self-monitoring
The Rorschach Inkblot Test is an example of a(n)
intelligence test.
diagnostic inventory.
neuropsychological test.
projective test.
projective test.
Two children are administered the same IQ test. Assuming all factors to be equal except racial differences between the children, what factor has been found to explain any difference in scores between these children?
Stereotype threat
Attention difficulties
Both stereotype threat and attention difficulties
None of the above
Stereotype threat
The MMPI detects individuals attempting to fake the test by
examining highly unusual responses.
including special scales to detect lying.
re-administering the test.
inferring the lying behavior from answers left blank.
including special scales to detect lying.
Jackson appears to have social phobia. This diagnosis was made by looking at his scores on a particular measure of social fear. Scores like his in the past have been shown to be related to social phobia, and also correlated with a variety of measures of social and occupational disability associated with social phobia. The measure Jackson took would be said to have high criterion validity. high statistical validity. high content validity. high construct validity.
high construct validity.
A problem with some psychophysiological assessments is
the measures do not differentiate clearly between emotional states.
clients are unwilling to have the electrodes attached for measurement.
each instrument determines the base rate of reliability.
the assessments are highly dependent on situational factors, rather than enduring features.
the measures do not differentiate clearly between emotional states.
Joe’s therapist has him keep a log of everything he eats as part of a weight-loss program. This is an example of the behavioral assessment technique of
cognitive observation.
reactivity.
self-monitoring.
direct observation.
self-monitoring.
If Shaniqua wants to be sure her bathroom scale has test-retest reliability, she should
: ask others to weight themselves later that day.
buy a second scale and see if they both give her the same weight when she steps on them.
weigh herself today and then eat a lot; get on the scale again and see if her weight changes.
get on and off the scale repeatedly and see if it shows the same weight each time.
get on and off the scale repeatedly and see if it shows the same weight each time
Schizophrenia was once known as psychonaturalism. tripolar disorder. dementia praecox. schizoid prixat.
dementia praecox.
Intelligence tests are based on the assumption that a detailed sample of a person's current intellectual functioning can predict Answers: brain dysfunction. innate aspects of IQ. cognitive effectiveness. academic potential.
academic potential.
Sarah and Carrie, at the same age, were administered the Luria-Nebraska test battery. Sarah graduated with a Ph.D., while Carrie did not complete high school. Assuming all other factors equal, the scores they receive on the Luria-Nebraska
It is impossible to predict the differences from the information provided.
should not differ since education level is controlled for.
should differ. Sarah should score higher based on education.
should differ. Carrie should score higher as it is not based on education.
should not differ since education level is controlled for.
A valid classification system is one that
leads to accurate predictions and statements.
has clear criteria for making diagnoses.
has a clear purpose.
ensures that two or more people will agree on a classification.
leads to accurate predictions and statements.
The best way for clinicians to avoid bias in the diagnosis of patients from ethnic minority groups is to
employ only those personality measures that have been specifically designed for that ethnic group.
learn to consider and test alternative hypotheses when evaluating clients from different ethnic groups.
avoid seeing such patients in their practice.
avoid diagnosing such patients.
learn to consider and test alternative hypotheses when evaluating clients from different ethnic groups.
Which of the following is a structured interview?
SCID
Rorschach
ADE
SRRS
SCID
You decide that you wish to use the MMPI to form a scale within the instrument to distinguish potential professional wrestlers from those without the potential to be wrestlers. Using the same method as that used to develop the MMPI, you would
identify items that distinguish pro wrestlers from non-wrestlers. identify items that were about wrestling. look for consistency among items endorsed by wrestlers as true. find all the items that wrestlers answered as true regarding themselves.
identify items that distinguish pro wrestlers from non-wrestlers.
The letters in the abbreviation DSM refer to
Disorders and Symptoms Manual.
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual.
Diseases and Symptoms Manual.
Diseases and Symptoms of the Mind.
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual
You are relying on a dimensional classification scheme and work with individuals who struggle with delusions. Your diagnoses are going to be based upon the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ of delusions. underlying cause presence or absence social consequences severity
severity
The fact that SSRIs often relieve symptoms of anxiety as well as depression suggests to some clinicians and researchers that
SSRIs are inadequate drugs for depression.
anxiety should be treated with anxiolytics.
anxiety and depression should be part of the same diagnostic category.
depression should be a dimensional diagnostic system.
anxiety and depression should be part of the same diagnostic category
Which of the following was not a change made in the revised version of the MMPI?
Increase representation from different racial groups in the norm sample.
Alter the norm sample to reflect the composition of the US.
Alter items to make the content more current.
Alter the format for answering questions.
Alter the format for answering questions.
Which of the following is NOT a measure of psychological stress?
Psychiatric Epidemiological Research Interview Life Events Scale
Thematic Apperception Test
List of Threatening Experiences
Life Events and Difficulties Schedule
Thematic Apperception Test
Why should we not expect a one-to-one relationship between psychological and physical measures of brain functioning?
Psychological measures have low reliability and validity.
They cannot measure brain functioning during normal daily activity.
People differ in how well they cope with brain dysfunctions.
Little is known about the functioning of individual neurons.
People differ in how well they cope with brain dysfunctions.
Psychophysiology is the study of
the neurological basis of psychological problems.
somatic treatments for psychological problems.
bodily changes associated with psychological events.
phenomena such as extrasensory perception.
bodily changes associated with psychological events
An example of a self-report cognitive assessment consistent with Beck’s theory of depression is
Internal-External Attribution Questionnaire.
Cognitive Thought Record.
Dysfunctional Attitude Scale.
Attributional Style Questionnaire.
Dysfunctional Attitude Scale.
Some critics of the DSM-5 believe that
another diagnostic category should be added titled “Conditions that may be a focus of clinical attention in elderly populations.”
there is not enough comorbidity in diagnoses.
the DSM-5 has pathologized too many problems without good justification.
there are not enough different diagnoses.
the DSM-5 has pathologized too many problems without good justification.
What is one reason categorical systems are popular?
It is more helpful to know severity of a symptom than whether or not it is present.
They describe the degree to which an entity is present.
Freud was a proponent of such a system.
It is more helpful to know severity of a symptom than whether or not it is present.
They define a certain threshold for treatment.
They define a certain threshold for treatment.
You are being tested by an examiner who is showing you pictures about which you are asked to tell complete stories. You are probably taking
: the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-III.
the MMPI-2.
the Rorschach.
the Thematic Apperception Test.
the Thematic Apperception Test
