Chapter 3 Flashcards
intercellular fluid
fluid in body cells
extracellular fluid
fluid outside body cells
interstitial fluid
extracellular fluid between cells in tissues
plasma
extracellular fluid in blooe vessels
lymph
extracellular fluid in lymphatic vessels
phagocytosis
ingestion of solid particles
pinocytosis
ingestion of extracellular fluid
What is the cytoskeleton made of?
microfilaments, intermediate filaments, microtubules
centrosome
consists of two centrioles, serves as a center for organizing microtubules during interphase, organizes mitotic spindle during cell division
What does RER synthesize?
ribosomes, glycoproteins, phospholipids
What does SER synthesize?
fatty acids, steroids
What does SER do?
release glucose from liver into bloodstream, detoxify drugs, store and release calcium ions that participate in muscle movement
What does peroxisomes do?
oxidize various organic substances, aid in detoxification
What does proteasomes do?
contains proteases that continually degrade uneeded, damaged, or faulty proteins
What does the nucleoli produce?
ribosomes
transcription
process by which RNA copy of DNA gene is produced
translation
process by which a messenger RNA binds to a ribosome and specific amino acids attach to transfer RNA, anticodons of transfer RNA binds to codon of messenger RNA to make the corresponding protein
cell differentiation
process by which cells develop into different types of cells with specialized functions
apoptosis
normal cell death
List some characteristics of aging
cessation of cell division, shortening of telomeres, addition of glucose to proteins, buildup of free radicals, intensified autoimmune response
