Chapter 1 Flashcards
Anatomy
Science of structure and relationships among structure
Physiology
Study of how the body and its parts work or function
Components of integumentary system
skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, oil glands
Functions of integumentary system
helps regulate body temperature, protect body, eliminates wastes, make vitD, detects sensations
Components of skeletal system
bones, joints, cartilages
Functions of skeletal system
supports & protects body, provides place for muscle attachment, helps in body movements, stores minerals, lipids, and RBD producing cells
Components of muscular system
skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle tissue
Functions of muscular system
helps in body movement, maintains posture, produce heat
Components of nervous system
brain, spinal cord, nerves, (eyes, ears)
Functions of nervous system
regulate body activities via nerve impulses
Components of endocrine system
all glands and tissue that produce hormones
Functions of endocrine system
regulates body activities via hormones
Component of cardiovascular system
blood, heart, blood vessels
Functions of cardiovascular system
pumps blood through vessels, distribute oxygen and nutrients, helps regulate acidity & temperature & water content of body fluids, (help defend against diseases)
Components of lymphatic system
lymph, spleen, thymus, lymph nodes, tonsils, (cells that carry out immune responses)
Functions of lymphatic system
returns proteins and fluid to blood, carries lipids to blood, (contains sites of maturation & proliferation for cells that carry out immune responses)
Components of respiratory system
lungs, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchial tubes
Functions of respiratory system
exchange of O and CO2, helps regulate acidity of body fluids, helps make sounds
Components of digestive system
mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small & large intestine, rectum, anus, salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, pancreas
Functions of digestive system
physical and chemical breakdown of food, absorbs nutrients, eliminates solid wastes
Components of urinary system
kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
Functions of urinary system
produce & store & eliminate urine, eliminates wastes, regulate composition of blood, help regulate acidity of body fluids, maintain body mineral balance, help regulate RBC production
Components of reproductive system
gonads, uterine, uterus, vagina, penis, mammary glands, epididymis ductus deferens
Function of reproductive system
production & storage of gametes, regulate hormone production
What are the six important life processes of humans?
metabolism, responsiveness, movement, growth, differentiation, reproduction
What is the percentage of water to body weight?
60-80%
Define homeostasis
condition in which the body’s internal environment remains relatively constant within physiological limits
What are the parts of a feedback system?
receptors, control center, effectors
antecubital
front of elbow
volar
palm
crural
leg
tarsal
ankle
frontal
forehead
mental
chin
coxal
hip
pollex
thumb
manual
hand
dorsum
top of foot
hallux
great toe
occipital
base of skull
olecranal
back of elbow
sacral
between hips
popliteal
hollow behind knee
sural
calf
dorsum
back of hand
sagittal
divides body intro left and right portions
median or midsagittal
divides body into equal left and right portions
frontal
divides body into front and back parts
transverse
divides body into top and bottom parts
parietal
cavity lining
visceral
organ lining
What are the regions of the abdominopelvic cavity?
R&L hypochondriac region, R&L lumbar, R&L inguinal region, epi&hypo-gastric region, umbilical region
