Chapter 3

Question 1

When: Age at onset

Range: 16 - 60 months

Mean: ___ months
for boys: ___
for girls: _____

Answer 1

33. 40
34. 60
35. 95

Question 2

When – 56% of onsets occur between ______ months of age; 84% from ______ months

Answer 2

24 to 36

18 to 42

Question 3

What: Nature of onset period
Sudden (1-3 days)-
Intermediate (1-2 weeks)-
Gradual (> 2 weeks) -

Answer 3

40%
33%
27%

Question 4

What happens? Dysfluencies near onset. Stuttering-like dysfluencies (per 100 syllables)

Stuttering children -
Normal children -

Answer 4

10. 37

1. 33

Question 5

What:Secondary Characteristics
\_\_% of children exhibit at least one: 
  Facial \_\_\_\_
  \_\_\_ closing
  Head \_\_\_\_
  \_\_\_\_\_\_ irregularities
  Others

Answer 5

52% of children exhibit at least   one: 
  Facial contortions
  Eye closing
  Head tilting
  Respiratory irregularities
  Others

Question 6

What: Reported stress at onset
Illness				14%
Emotional upset		40%
Behavioral stress		36%
Rapid lang. develop.	40%
Word finding words	43%

Answer 6

Illness				14%
Emotional upset		40%
Behavioral stress		36%
Rapid lang. develop.	40%
Word finding words	43%

Question 7

What: Child’s Awareness & Reactions. Assessed through:

• _____reports
• ____ response to clinician ___
• _____: Child’s _____with fluent or non-fluent puppet

Answer 7

• Parents’ reports
• Children’s response to clinician probing
• Puppet task: Child’s identification with fluent or non-fluent puppet

Question 8

What: Awareness
Some children exhibit ____ of, and ____ to, their stuttering soon after _____. Studies with the puppet method have indicated sharp rise in awareness between ages _____

Answer 8

Some children exhibit awareness of, and reactions to, their stuttering soon after onset. Studies with the puppet method have indicated sharp rise in awareness between ages 4 and 5.

Question 9

Development of Stuttering

1. 2.

Answer 9

natural recovery

persistency

Question 10

In some cases, ____ trends occur soon after onset.

Answer 10

In some cases, natural recovery trends occur soon after onset.

Question 11

Risk for persistency: Primary factors:

\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_
Gender
\_\_\_\_ trends
\_\_\_\_ of stuttering
Age at \_\_\_\_
Disfluency \_\_\_\_
Disfluency \_\_\_\_; Prolongations/blocks

Answer 11

Family History
Gender
Stuttering trends
Duration of stuttering
Age at onset
Disfluency length
Disfluency type; Prolongations/blocks

Question 12

Risk for Persistency: Lesser factors:

~Secondary
\_\_\_
\_\_\_\_ characteristics. 
Phonology
\_\_\_\_ language
\_\_\_\_ features
~Tertiary 
\_\_\_ disorders.
\_\_\_\_; Emotional reactions

Answer 12

Secondary
Severity
Secondary characteristics. 
Phonology
Expressive language
Acoustic features
Tertiary 
Concomitant disorders.
Awareness; Emotional reactions

Question 13

A family history of persistency gives a child a ____% chance of following the same trend. A family history of recovery gives a child a ____% chance for the same trend

Answer 13

65%

65%