Chapter 3 Flashcards
Neuron
- one of billions of nerve cells in the CNS( brain and spinal cord).
- 70% in cortex, final part to mature is the pre-frontal cortex.
Pruning
- Unused connections in the brain atrophy and die.
- dendrite loss, is increased brain power.
- dendrites bring messages to cell body of neuron.
Synapse
intersection between the axon of one neuron and the dendrites of other neurons.
-Critical communication links in the brain.
Deferred imitation
- mental combinations allow children to copy behavior they noticed hours or days earlier.
- infant first perceives something and makes…
Kwashiorkor
-disease of chronic malnutrition during childhood, in which protein deficiency makes the child vulnerable to measles, diarrhea and the flu.
Marasmus
- first year of life, body tissues waste away.
- severe protein-calorie malnutrition during early infancy, growth stops and infant eventually dies.
Object Permanence
- Realization that objects still exist even if they can no longer be seen, touched, or heard.
- Around 8 mths, Piaget.
Assimilation
-New experiences are interpreted to fit into or assimilate with old ideas.
Accommodation
-Old ideas are restructured to include, or accommodate new experiences.
Little Scientist
- Stage 5 toddler (12-18mnths) who experiments w/o anticipating results.
- Use trail and error in activity and exploration.
Babbling
- Extended repetition of syllables, bababa.
- 6-9 months, gestures come before language (pointing 10 months) .
Holophase
-single word that is used to express a complete, meaningful thought (DaDa!)
Child Directed Speech
-high pitched, simplified and repetitive way adults speak to infants. (Baby talk, mother ease).
Language Acquisition Device (LAD)
- Chomsky
- Hypothesized mental structure that enables humans to learn language, grammar, vocab, and intonation.
Neurotransmitters
-brain chemical that carries info from axon of a sending neuron to the dendrites of a receiving neuron.