Chapter 3 Flashcards
Tourism system
demand, supply, geographical space, market operators
tourist resources
component supply -> attractions and services that draw visitors to a destination
operating sectors
core of tourism (public)
includes transportation, accommodation, food, entertainment
built environment
infrastructure: locals and tourists - roads, water systems, communication networks
superstructure: tourists - airports, train stations, parking lots, marines
current resources
already tourist operations (beaches?)
potential resource
possible to become future resource (new cave)
core resource
essential elements supporting main activities) (Eiffel Tower)
complementary resource
enhance existing attractions but lack standalone (markets)
non-renewable resource
limited availability, reduced with use (parks)
renewable resource
sustainable usable if consumption stays within capacity
tourist supply
people, businesses and organizations that provide services and products for tourism
tourism spending categories (5 main)
accomodation, food, transport, leisure/sport, shopping
final providers (private sector)
directly offer services (hotel)
intermediaries (private sector)
help connect providers and customers (travel agents, tour companies, online booking systems)
distribution process
groups that connect buyers (tourists) with sellers (providers), organizing packages or acting as middlemen
tour wholesales
pre-packaged tours
GDS
Global Distribution System
-> real-time inventory for flights and hotels
CRS
Central Reservation System
-> managing provider reservations
IDS
Internet Distribution System
-> online platforms for direct bookings (booking.com)
destination positioning
global analysis helps destinations compete internationally, adapt offerings, plan for specific markets
tourism challenges
sustainability, recourse shortages, poverty reduction, health risks, shifting flows (events)
IGOs
International Government Organizations
-> working on global issues (UNWTO)
World Tourism Barometer
UNWTO, tracks arrivals, expenditure -> offering insights for decision-making
NGOs
Non-Governmental Organizations
-> independent organizations focussing on specific aspects, often related to sustainability
Business Associations
organizations bring together stakeholders from various sectors (WTTC)
WTTC
World Travel and Tourism Council
-> represents private sector and emphasize importants of tourism to global economy
5 pillars to tourism
- innovation and digital transformation
- competitiveness
- job creation
- resilience and safety
- cultural heritage protection
Characteristic affecting destination development (Pearce, 1989)
- physical (location, climate, landscape)
- social/cultural (culture, heritage, demographics)
- political (government ideology, role public sector)
- economic (systems, investment capital, prices)
tourism destination
psysical space where visitors can spend nights. can form part of lager network
amalgams (tourism destination)
core set of components
- attractions (draw visitors)
- amenities (hotel, restaurants, shops)
- access (transportation)
- ancillary (support, guides)
cultural appraisals
visitos decide; safe, secure, well-managed
inseparability
destination itself, need to be there (over tourism)
multiple use of destination
both local and tourists (planning)
competitiveness
external environmental changes, shifting consumer preferences, positioning, innovating
SDG
Sustainable Development Goals
rural depopulation
fewer people living in rural areas
circular economy
minimizing waste, maximizing lifespan resources
smart tourism
technology to improve travel experiences, offer personalized services, and enhance destination management (segittur)
Segittur
working on developing smart tourism destinations
Operating sector - franchise
let someone else run a branch of business (no own)
Operating sector - management
take care of daily operations (no own)
operating sector - property
actual building (by owner)
