Chapter 3

Question 1

Anarchism

Answer 1

Believes the rejection of the idea of state is the only way to achieve freedom and equality

Question 2

Citizenship

Answer 2

An individual’s relation to the state where a citizen swears allegiance to the state and in return the state provides rights to the individual

Question 3

Communism

Answer 3

Advocates for the sharing of wealth and property in order to achieve economic equality. Individual liberty is considered lesser than equality

Question 4

Conservatives

Answer 4

A political attitude that supports the current government and is skeptical of change

Question 5

Culture

Answer 5

The set of institutions that help define a society, the activities and ideas that a group considers proper and normal

Question 6

Ethnic Conflict

Answer 6

A conflict in which different ethnic groups struggle to achieve certain political or economic goals at each other’s expense

Question 7

Ethnic identity

Answer 7

A set of characteristics that bind people together through a common culture

Question 8

Fascism

Answer 8

A political ideology that asserts the superiority and inferiority of certain groups, stresses low freedom and equality in order to create a powerful state

Question 9

Fundamentalism

Answer 9

A view of religion as absolute, religion should be legally enforced by making faith the authority

Question 10

Liberal Democracy

Answer 10

A political system that promotes participation, competition, and liberty and emphasizes individual freedom and civil rights

Question 11

Liberalism

Answer 11

A political attitude that favors slow, progressive change to a system (or) a political ideology that favors a limited state role and places high priority on individual freedom

Question 12

Liberals

Answer 12

Those with a political attitude that favors evolutionary change

Question 13

Nation

Answer 13

A group that desires self-government through an independent state

Question 14

Nation-state

Answer 14

A state encompassing one dominant nation that it claims to embody and represent

Question 15

National conflict

Answer 15

A conflict in which a group(s) within a country develop aspirations for political independence

Question 16

National Identity

Answer 16

A sense of belonging to a nation and a belief in its political aspirations

Question 17

Nationalism

Answer 17

Pride in one’s people and nation

Question 18

Patriotism

Answer 18

Pride in one’s state

Question 19

Political Attitude

Answer 19

One’s views regarding the speed and methods with which political change should occur, particular to the country

Question 20

Political Culture

Answer 20

The basic norms for political activity in a society

Question 21

Political Ideology

Answer 21

The basic values that an individual holds about the goals of politics, more universal

Question 22

Radicals

Answer 22

A political attitude that favors dramatic, often revolutionary change (extreme left)

Question 23

Reactionaries

Answer 23

Oppose further change but dislike current system, want to revert institutions to prior values/regimes (far right)

Question 24

Social Democracy/Socialism

Answer 24

Accepts private ownership but also supports equality, requires a state with strong capacity and autonomy and somewhat limits individual freedom

Question 25

Society

Answer 25

complex human organizations, a collection of people bound by shared institutions that define how human relations should be conducted