Chapter 3

Question 1

What has been the greatest influence on England’s law and government

Answer 1

The Bible.

Question 2

Name two men who translated the Scriptures into the English language.

Answer 2

John Wycliffe and William Tyndale.

Question 3

Who is known has the “Father of the Common Law”?

Answer 3

Henry De Bracton.

Question 4

By what year had the Great Council become known as parliament?

Answer 4

1265.

Question 5

Who summoned the Model Parliament and in what year?

Answer 5

Edward I summoned the Model Parliament in 1295.

Question 6

Name the two divisions within the English Parliament.

Answer 6

The House of Lords and the House of Commons.

Question 7

In what year did King John consent to the Magna Carta?

Answer 7

June 15, 1215.

Question 8

Name two important political principles found in the Magna Carta.

Answer 8

No taxation without representation and trial by jury.

Question 9

When was the English Bill of Rights drafted? List seven important political principles found in this document.

Answer 9

1689.
(1) No man is above the law.
(2) There shall be no taxes without consent.
(3) People may petition for a redress of grievances.
(4) The people have right to keep and bear arms.
(5) Elections must be free.
(6) The peoples representatives must have freedom of speech.
(7) Neither bail nor fines be excessive, and punishment may not be cruel.

Question 10

What is common law?

Answer 10

A non-codified form of law based on long-accepted customs and traditions.

Question 11

Who was Alfred the Great?

Answer 11

Saxon king who perfected his edition of the English law code with the Ten Commandments.

Question 12

Who was Sir Edward Coke?

Answer 12

Wrote the Institutes of Common Law.

Question 13

Who was Sir William Blackstone?

Answer 13

Distinguished between the natural (moral) law of God, and the revealed law of God.

Question 14

Who was King Henry II?

Answer 14

Laid the foundation for the right to trial by jury in England’s royal courts.

Question 15

Who was Simon do Monfort?

Answer 15

Nobleman who gained temporary control of English government and began the first meeting of Parliament.

Question 16

In what document did the Pilgrims covenant under God to establish “a civil body politick”?

Answer 16

The Mayflower Compact.

Question 17

What were the the three types of American colonies? Give some characteristics of each type.

Answer 17

(1) Royal, the colonies were apart of the kings domain.
(2) Proprietary, The king had granted land to one of his subjects.
(3) Self-governing, the people of the colony ruled themselves.

Question 18

Give two examples of attempts by the New England colonies to conform colonial law to biblical law.

Answer 18

Massachusetts Body of Liberties and the New Haven Colony Laws.

Question 19

Who held the real political power in the colony with a bicameral assembly? Why?

Answer 19

The lower house, held the power of annual appropriations of funds, including the governors salary.

Question 20

How did the works of William Blackstone influence the colonist?

Answer 20

His principle of higher law would forge the basis for constitutional government in America.

Question 21

Why was town government not practical in the southern colonies?

Answer 21

Southern colonies tended to live father apart on large plantations.

Question 22

What is a charter?

Answer 22

A document issued by the crown which established the relationship between the king and his subjects.

Question 23

What were the House of Burgesses?

Answer 23

Consisted of the colonial governor, his councils, and elected representatives called burgesses.

Question 24

What is a unicameral legislature?

Answer 24

A one house legislature.

Question 25

What is a bicameral legislature?

Answer 25

a tow house legislature consisting of the upper and lower house.

Question 26

What is town government?

Answer 26

Main unit of government in New England because colonies were close together.

Question 27

What is county government?

Answer 27

Government for the scattered southern colonies.

Question 28

How did the Great Awakening help shape American beliefs regarding religious freedom?

Answer 28

Shaped American beliefs by reviving the New Testament concept of local churches supported by converted church members rather than by government.

Question 29

How did the Great Awakening influence the economic and political views of the colonist?

Answer 29

Through the Bible, many Americans rediscovered their Puritan roots, which sought hard work, and if men were equal before God, they could not be barred from political participation because of their religious beliefs.

Question 30

First significant attempt at political unity among the colonies. what was the purpose of the temporary union?

Answer 30

The New England Confederation for defense against Native Americans.

Question 31

What was the purpose of the Albany Plan? Was it ever adopted?

Answer 31

Proposal called for an annual conference from each colony to manage Native affairs, pass laws, and levy taxes. It was never adopted.

Question 32

What was the Great Awakening?

Answer 32

The spiritual revival which swept the American colonies between 1730 and 1760.

Question 33

Who was Jonathan Edwards and George Whitefield?

Answer 33

Evangelist who resulted in the conversion of thousands of souls.