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CDI 1 > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

three tools in criminal investigation or sometimes called as the 3 I’s of criminal investigation
includes:

A

INFORMATION,
INTERVIEW/INTERROGATION and INSTRUMENTATION

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2
Q

It is the knowledge or facts which the investigator had gathered or acquired from persons or documents, which are pertinent or relevant concerning the commission of the crime or criminal activities.

A

Information

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3
Q

It is records, files from the government or non-government agencies, news items.

A

Regular Sources

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4
Q

It is the information furnished by informants or informers

A

Cultivated Source

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5
Q

It when the information is disclosed by the underworld characters such
as prisoners or ex-convicts

A

Grapevines Source

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6
Q

The visible way of obtaining information like conducting interview, patrol, crime scene search, regular performance of police activities and custodial interrogation.

A

Overt

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7
Q

The secret way of obtaining information

A

Covert

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8
Q

the outward manifestations of a criminal event that can be perceived by out five senses – eyes, ears, nose, tongue and hands.

A

Sensory Form

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9
Q

A criminal act may also provide information is a written form like receipts from the motel, food and drinks in the pocket of the suspect.

A

Written Form

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10
Q

The information may actually be in a real form – meaning the failure to retrieve it or receive it at the right time will be useless.

A

Physical Form

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11
Q

The simple questioning of a person believed to possess information, which are relevant to the investigation of a crime or criminal activities.

A

Interview

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12
Q

In an _________, the interviewee is willing and cooperative with the person conducting the interview.

A

Interview

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13
Q

Golden Role in Interview

A

“Never allow the interviewer to conduct nor let anyone to conduct an interview without prior visit to the
crime scene.”

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14
Q

is conducted to willing and cooperative witnesses, where they are given the full opportunity to
narrate their accounts without intervention, interruption and interference from the interviewer.

A

Cognitive Interview

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15
Q

this interview as prescribed by some investigators requires the interviewee to answer the question
posed by the investigator. The interviewee to answer on what he knows about what is being asked.

A

Question and Answer

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16
Q

This is focused only in obtaining data regarding the personal background of the subject, the simplest type of interview used in criminal cases

A

Background Interview

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17
Q

An interview wherein the questions are phrased in a manner such that the subject’s answers are based on his personal opinions or views.

A

Subjective Interview

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18
Q

The questions are designed to acquire the basic and specific data or facts regarding a criminal case. It is the type of interview that complies with the six cardinal points of criminal investigation

A

Objective Interview

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19
Q

It refers to the good relation between the interviewer and the interviewee, which is conducive to a fruitful result

A

Rapport

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20
Q

It is winning the confidence of a person being interviewed in order that he will tell all the information
in his possession

A

Rapport

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21
Q

The appearance of the interviewer and other qualities such as skills of communication techniques or the forces of his language is the mainstays of the strength of his character

A

Forceful Personality

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22
Q

He must be understanding, sympathetic and without showing official arrogance, vulgarity of
expressions and air superiority.

A

Forceful Personality

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23
Q

This will help the interviewer to determine the personality and intelligence of his subjects

A

KNOWLEDGE ON PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY

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24
Q

He must go down in the level of understanding of his particular subject.

A

KNOWLEDGE ON PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY

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25
Q

The interviewer must know how to appropriately use his voice normally, without unusual loudness that may
affect the interview process

A

Conversational Tone of Voice

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26
Q

He must possess the qualities of an actor, salesman and psychologist and know how to use the power of persuasion

A

Acting Qualities

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27
Q

He must be courteous, sympathetic and humble, ready to ask apologies for the inconvenience of the interview.

A

Humility

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28
Q

witness who lack the courage to face the suspect, his associates or relatives always entertain the fear of reprisal.

A

FEAR OF REPRISAL

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29
Q

on the part of those of hands-to-mouth existence there is this real inconvenience, which will deprive them the time to earn for their living especially during the ordeal of testifying during the trial

A

GREAT INCONVENIENCE

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30
Q

this hatred maybe due to previous bad experience with rogue members of the police organization.

A

HATRED AGAINST THE POLICE

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31
Q

the witness maybe an acquaintance, friend, helper or benefactor of the suspect. All of these and other relationship of the witnesses to the suspect must
be explored so that an intelligent approach is properly applied.

A

BECAUSE OF BIAS OF WITNESS

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32
Q

there are witnesses who are shy and they shun publicity that will bring discomfort to their ordinary or obscure way of living

A

AVOIDANCE OF PUBLICITY

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33
Q

some famous and respected families preserve their reputations by
instilling to their members the need of the approval of the elders on matter affecting their families

A

FAMILY RESTRICTION

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34
Q

multiple, complex and legalistic questions should be avoided

A

One Question at a time

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35
Q

the nod of the head or nay other body language as a response to the
questions should be avoided.

A

Avoid Implied Answer

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36
Q

a short simple question at a time is required

A

Simplicity of Questions

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37
Q

It will curtail the complete flow of information and will lead to inaccuracy

A

Yes and No answer

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38
Q

this is a reluctant type of witnesses. It is found among the uneducated
and of low level of intelligence.

A

KNOW-NOTHING TYPE

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39
Q

this refer to an uncooperative and indifferent subject. To deal with them is to find out their field of interest so that they will talk.

A

DISINTERESTED TYPE

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40
Q

the style of questioning by the investigator should be adapted to the psychology of the subject. When the drunken subject has sobered, another interview will be conducted, confronting hi about his disclosures while in the state of drunkenness.

A

THE DRUNKEN TYPE

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41
Q

this is a witness who is prone to exaggerate, adding irrelevant or new matters to their narration

A

TALKATIVE TYPE

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42
Q

this is the truthful and cooperative witness where the investigator could rely upon, with little or no problem in handling them.

A

HONEST WITNESS

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43
Q

this is a liar type of witness. Let him lie and order him to repeat several
times their narration

A

DECEITFUL WITNESS

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44
Q

this is a shy witness.

A

TIMID WITNESS

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45
Q

The approach must be friendly and reassuring confidentiality of their information. It should be hidden from the devouring press by interviews or photo sessions

A

TIMID WITNESS

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46
Q

this is the most difficult subject to deal with. Find out the reasons of his personality such as: Trauma, shock, fear, hatred and others.

A

REFUSAL TO TALK WITNESS

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47
Q

Is the vigorous and confrontational questioning of a reluctant suspect about his participation in the
commission of crime.

A

Interrogation

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48
Q

it is confrontational in the sense that the investigator places the guilt on the accused

A

Interrogation

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49
Q

It is one of the most difficult but most interesting phases of criminal investigation and detection.

A

Interrogation

50
Q

It is a challenging battle of wit between the investigator and the suspect

A

Interrogation

51
Q

It is a mental combat where the weapon is intelligence and the use of the art

A

Interrogation

52
Q

It is the direct acknowledgement of guilt

A

Confession

53
Q

t is a confession that is made by the suspect during custodial investigation or those confessions that are made outside of the court.

A

EXTRA JUDICIAL CONFESSION

54
Q

The confession is voluntary when the accused speaks of his free will and accord, without any inducement of any kind, with a full and complete knowledge of the nature and the consequences of the confession

A

VOLUNTARY EXTRA-JUDICIAL CONFESSION

55
Q

This confession obtained through force, threat, intimidation, duress or anything influencing the voluntary act of the confessor

A

INVOLUNTARY EXTRA JUDICIAL CONFESSION

56
Q

obtained from the defendant by means of force or intimidation/violence is null and void and cannot be used against him/her in the trial and the like.

A

Confession

57
Q

This confession is made by the accused is open court.

A

JUDICIAL CONFESSION

58
Q

The plea of guilt maybe made during arraignment or any stage of the proceedings where the accused changes his plea of not guilty to
guilty.

A

JUDICIAL CONFESSION

59
Q

This is conclusive upon the court and may be considered to be a mitigating circumstance to criminal liability.

A

JUDICIAL CONFESSION

60
Q

A plea of guilty when formally entered on arraignment is sufficient to sustain conviction of any offense, even a capital one, without further proof.

A

JUDICIAL CONFESSION

61
Q

is indirect acknowledgment of guilt

A

Admission

62
Q

this is a technique where the investigator, combining the skills of an actor and a psychologist, addresses the suspect with an emotional appeal to confess

A

Emotional Appeal

63
Q

This is applicable to first time offenders or those who are of the emotional type of characteristics displayed nervousness or emotional disturbances

A

Emotional Appeal

64
Q

the investigator, in his preliminary or probing questions must dig deep into the past troubles, plight and unfortunate events in the life of the suspect. An offer of help, kindness, friendliness may win his cooperation.

A

Sympathetic Approach

65
Q

a friendly approach coupled with a posture of sincerity may induce the suspect to confess

A

Friendliness

66
Q

the investigator bluffs the suspect that even if he will not confess, there is enough evidence to send him to jail.

A

Pretense of Solid Evidence

67
Q

among the suspects, there must be a careful selection of who among them is the weakest link where the interrogation will begin

A

Weakest link

68
Q

the weakest link maybe used to fake pain and agony by ordering him to shout, accompanied by banging a chair on the wall to make it appear that a commotion is going on.

A

Drama

69
Q

he suspect could be tricked that the investigator had gone to the residence and the family members had supplied facts against the suspect

A

Feigning Contact with Family Members

70
Q

The witnesses’ victims or complainant are previously coached about the identity of the suspect

A

Line Up

71
Q

The suspect is placed among other persons in a line up and he is identified by several complainants and witnesses who will associate the suspect in other several crimes.

A

Reverse Line Up

72
Q

in the questioning process, the investigator selects the right moment to shout as pertinent question in an apparent righteous outrage.

A

Jolting

73
Q

The suspect is questioned about his personal life, family, friends and his knowledge about the complainant and witnesses

A

Opportunity to Lie

74
Q

the first set of investigators must appear to be rough, mean and dangerous. When they had finished the interrogation, the second investigator intervenes by stopping the first set of investigators.

A

Mutt and Jeff or Sweet and Sour Method

75
Q

If the suspect is an “Ifugao” (person from Ifugao Province), then preferably, an Ifugao investigator is recommended to interrogate him, the same with other ethnic or cultural groups.

A

Removing the Ethnic or Cultural Barrier

76
Q

in every man’s heart, there is always that softest spot.

A

Searching for the Soft Spot

77
Q

the profuse sweating indicates tension, anxiety, shock of fear

A

EXCESSIVE SWEATING

78
Q

It is also the result of extreme nervousness or embarrassment. It is necessary a sign of deception or guilt.

A

CHANGE OF FACIAL COLOR

79
Q

this is a sign of great tension and is reliable symptom of deception.

A

Dry Mouth

80
Q

An effort to control breathing during the critical questioning is an indication of deception. Gasping of breath is the ultimate result of the control breathing.

A

EXCESSIVE BREATHING

81
Q

when observed at the side of the neck, the investigator has to
discover the increase of pulse beat which is indicative of deception.

A

INCREASE OF PULSE BEAT

82
Q

this may indicate guilt or deception. Misty or teary indicate remorse or repentance.

A

AVOIDANCE OF DIRECT EYE CONTACT

83
Q

refers to any person who gives information to the police authorities relative to a crime

A

Informant

84
Q

any person who furnishes the police information relevant to a criminal case about the activities of criminals or syndicates without any monetary consideration.

A

Informant

85
Q

It may openly give information or may serve as a witness voluntarily.

A

Informant

86
Q

he may be an anonymous phone caller, letter writer or a text
sender.

A

ANONYMOUS INFORMANT

87
Q

this kind mostly maintains being anonymous. His purpose is to eliminate the rival persons or gang due to competition or other motives such as revenge, etc.

A

RIVAL ELIMINATION INFORMANT

88
Q

usually reveals information of no consequence, value or stuff connected with thin air.

A

False Informant

89
Q

His purpose is to appear to be on the side of the law and for throwing out the suspicion from himself or from his gang or associates

A

False Informant

90
Q

he is prodded by fear or self interest in giving information to the police

A

FRIGHTENED INFORMANT

91
Q

He maybe one of the lesser gang member who runs to the police when his gang mates are about to be involved in dangerous situations or when the gang he belongs is hot on the police trail.

A

FRIGHTENED INFORMANT

92
Q

this kind of informant moves around the centers of criminals, group or syndicate and delights in surprising the police about bits of information

A

SELF AGGRANDIZING INFORMANT

93
Q

is a person who provides the police with confidential information
concerning a previous crime or a projected and planned crime.

A

CONFIDENTIAL INFORMANT

94
Q

under the law, these informants are
protected and their identity could not be revealed by the police even under the order of the court unless on exceptional case where there is a claim of the defense that the informant framed up the accused.

A

CONFIDENTIAL INFORMANT

95
Q

the informant has information for sale

A

MERCENARY INFORMANT

96
Q

he uses his seeming desire to divulge information as an excuse to talk to the police in order to get more information from them more than he gives

A

DOUBLE-CROSSER INFORMANT

97
Q

she maybe the female associate of the criminals, who was roughed up,
marginalized in the deal or being eased out from the group

A

WOMEN INFORMANT

98
Q

They often give free romance that will result in blackmailing the investigator or will result to an extended family for support

A

WOMEN INFORMANT

99
Q

a person who provides information to the police on a regular basis.

A

Informer

100
Q

They are cultivated and established by the police on a more or less permanent character and as long as they are loyal and useful to the police organizations

A

Informer

101
Q

the person who performs skillful questioning of hostile witness and suspects for purposes of obtaining confession or admission.

A

Interrogator

102
Q

this points to the subject of interrogation whether a suspect or a victim.

A

Interrogee

103
Q

denotes any person associated to the commission of a crime

A

Suspect

104
Q

It refers to any person whose guilt is considered on reasonable on reasonable ground to be a practical possibility

A

Suspect

105
Q

is a person other than the suspect, who is requested to give information concerning an incident.

A

Witnesses

106
Q

He may be a victim, complainant, an accuser, a source of information, and an observer of the occurrence, a scientific specialist who has examined physical evidence or a custodian of official documents

A

Witnesses

107
Q

It is the process of applying instruments or tools of the police sciences in criminal investigation and detection.

A

Instrumentation

108
Q

He is a Frenchman who founded
criminal identification by body measurement.

A

Alphonse Bertillon

109
Q

Who founded the Anthropometry

A

Alphonse Bertillon

110
Q

It is replaced the Anthropometry

A

Dactyloscopy

111
Q

who founded the fingerprint classification

A

Juan Vocetich

112
Q

Popularized the dactyloscopy

A

Sir Edward Richard Henry

113
Q

Its usefulness in criminal investigation cannot be questioned because its infallibility because no two persons have the same fingerprints not even the ten neighboring fingers of the same persons.

A

Dactyloscopy

114
Q

Who discovered the Forensic Serology

A

Karl Landsteiner

115
Q

It is the agglutination of human blood. This discovery demonstrated that blood possesses certain characteristics, which allowed the designation A, B, AB and 0.

A

Forensic Serology

116
Q

Who developed Forensic Ballistic

A

Dr. Calvin H. Goddard

117
Q

It is used for determining whether or not the evidence bullet and test bullet came from a single gun through the use of bullet comparison microscope

A

Forensic Ballistic

118
Q

Who founded Poroscopy

A

Edmond Locard

119
Q

It deals with the identification of sweat pores, he proved that pores vary in number, size and position in each individual

A

Poroscopy

120
Q

Who developed Polygraph

A

John Larson

121
Q

It is effective in limiting the suspects in number as in the hand of an expert and dependable machine its result is excellent.

A

Polygraph

122
Q

A British biologist and genetics expert, discovered the concept of DNA genetic fingerprinting.

A

Alex Jeffrey

CDI 1 (6 decks)

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